{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T04:13:34Z","timestamp":1789186414021,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,8]],"date-time":"2025-07-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751932800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":7,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JGH Open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Liver Cirrhosis is a growing cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, but significant knowledge gaps remain regarding disparities in the place of patient death. This study aims to analyze the place of death trends for cirrhosis patients in the United States from 1999 to 2020, to direct preventive and palliative care measures.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this descriptive study, death certificates were examined using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide\u2010Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research (CDC WONDER) database, using ICD codes K70.3, K71.7, and K74. The variables studied were the year, sex, age, race, rural\u2013urban, census regions, and state. Percentages of deaths in each location were trended over time for interpretation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Between 1999 and 2020, a total of 1\u2009090\u2009420 deaths were attributed to cirrhosis. The majority of these fatalities occurred in inpatient medical facilities (48.75%), followed by the decedent's home (25.71%). Men consistently exhibited higher deaths in all settings, especially in medical facility\u2014inpatient settings (31.39%), and the highest deaths were for the 55\u201364 age group. NH White population reported the highest mortality in all places of death, whereas the South led mortality records among census regions. The least deaths occurred in non\u2010core (non\u2010metro) areas, and state\u2010wise analysis revealed California to have the highest number of deaths (75\u2009723), seconded by Texas (55\u2009447).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mortality due to cirrhosis increased gradually from 1999 to 2019, with a steep rise observed in 2019\u20132020. Men, the White race, 55\u201365\u2009years age bracket, and residents of rural and Southern census regions reported the highest number of deaths from cirrhosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jgh3.70205","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,9]],"date-time":"2025-07-09T14:35:09Z","timestamp":1752071709000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Where Do Patients With Cirrhosis Die? A <scp>CDC WONDER<\/scp> Analysis From 1999 to 2020"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Areej","family":"Iftikhar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Allama Iqbal Medical College  Lahore Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatima Noor","family":"Alam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Services Institute of Medical Sciences  Lahore Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3013-9359","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danish Ali","family":"Ashraf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Foundation University Medical College  Islamabad Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-8562-5491","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saad Hassan","family":"Qureshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Bahria University Health Sciences  Karachi Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-3579-9141","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muzamil","family":"Akhtar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Gujranwala Medical College  Gujranwala Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayesha Islam","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Allama Iqbal Medical College  Lahore Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-1326-1895","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad","family":"Raza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Jinnah Sindh Medical University  Karachi Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raheel","family":"Qureshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Queen Elizabeth Hospital  Gateshead UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2814-7314","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raheel","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Heart and Lung Institute Imperial College  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/17474124.2014.902303"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.31226"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15620\/cdc\/158787"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0298887"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/cej.0000000000000885"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2023.5997"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","volume-title":"StatPearls","author":"Sharma A.","year":"2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1185\/03007995.2015.1021905"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468\u20102667(24)00131\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.k2817"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","first-page":"272","article-title":"Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Alcoholic Liver Disease Are Major Contributors to Liver\u2010Related Mortality in the United States","volume":"2","author":"Younossi Z. 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