{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T09:40:33Z","timestamp":1780911633811,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768780800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":18,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JGH Open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Gallbladder adenomyomatosis and polyps are common benign lesions that can mimic malignancy on imaging, often leading to unnecessary cholecystectomy. Despite frequent sonographic detection, the prevalence of adenomyomatosis in living cohorts remains poorly defined.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To determine the prevalence and characterize the sonographic features of gallbladder adenomyomatosis and polyps in a large unselected cohort, and to assess clinical relevance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We retrospectively analyzed 2674 patients (\u2265\u200916\u2009years) who underwent abdominal ultrasound over 20\u2009months. Examinations were performed by highly experienced sonographers using B\u2010mode, color Doppler, superb microvascular imaging and contrast\u2010enhanced ultrasound. Adenomyomatosis and polyps were classified based on morphology, wall involvement, vascularity, and Rokitansky\u2013Aschoff sinuses (RAS). Follow\u2010up imaging was available in 68 of 123 patients with polyps (median 76\u2009months).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Adenomyomatosis was diagnosed in 32 patients (1.2%). Characteristic features included hypoechoic or isoechoic thickened wall with anechoic or microlith\u2010filled RAS, often producing comet\u2010tail and twinkling artifacts. Only one patient required cholecystectomy due to symptomatic diffuse disease. Gallbladder polyps were identified in 123 patients (4.6%). Most polyps remained stable or showed minimal growth, with only three patients undergoing surgery, revealing two cholesterol polyps and one precancerous intracholecystic papillary neoplasm (0.04% of the total cohort).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Structured, high\u2010quality ultrasound enables reliable differentiation of adenomyomatosis and benign polyps from lesions suspicious for malignancy. The vast majority of findings are benign, supporting conservative management. These results provide a reference standard for sonographic assessment and emphasize the importance of awareness and systematic evaluation of gallbladder wall abnormalities.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jgh3.70343","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T04:51:50Z","timestamp":1768884710000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Differentiation of Gallbladder Adenomyomatosis and Polyps in a Western Cohort: Prevalence, Ultrasound Characteristics, and Diagnostic Challenges"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Marie","family":"Neumann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Outpatient Clinic Charit\u00e9 \u2013 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin  Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Kallenbach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases Universit\u00e4tsklinikum D\u00fcsseldorf  D\u00fcsseldorf Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8325-4473","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ulrike","family":"Morgera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Outpatient Clinic Charit\u00e9 \u2013 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin  Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Cariati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"General Surgery San Martino University and IST Hospital  Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lars","family":"Morawietz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pathology Berlin\u2010Grunewald  Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Jacobsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pathology, 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