{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T18:06:10Z","timestamp":1774548370525,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774396800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":24,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JGH Open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Constipation affects approximately 15.3% of the global population. While the gut microbiome's role in constipation has been studied, the causal relationship between the oral microbiome and constipation remains unexplored.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We utilized Mendelian randomization (MR) and large\u2010scale GWAS data to investigate the causal relationship between the oral microbiome and constipation. Oral microbiome data were sourced from a metagenome\u2010wide association study (mgGWAS) on 2984 individuals, while constipation GWAS data came from 176\u2009629 samples in the Japan Biobank. Statistical methods included inverse variance\u2010weighted (IVW) analysis, weighted median, and MR\u2010Egger regression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The MR analysis revealed significant associations between specific oral microbiome and constipation.\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                        <jats:italic>Treponema denticola<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:styled-content>\n                      , found in saliva, was positively associated with an increased risk of constipation (OR\u2009=\u20093.961, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.085\u201314.453,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.037). Conversely, certain bacteria like\n                      <jats:italic>Pauljensenia<\/jats:italic>\n                      sp000308055 showed protective effects (OR\u2009=\u20090.409, 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.167\u20130.999,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.0496). In the tongue coating,\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                        <jats:italic>Neisseria sicca<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:styled-content>\n                      exhibited a significant positive association with constipation (OR\u2009=\u20094.864, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.293\u201318.302,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.019), while\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                        <jats:italic>Aggregatibacter segnis<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:styled-content>\n                      demonstrated a protective effect (OR\u2009=\u20090.400, 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.188\u20130.854,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.018).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study is the first to explore the potential causal relationship between oral microbiome and constipation. The findings suggest that specific oral bacteria may influence the risk of constipation, highlighting the need for further research to validate these relationships and understand the mechanisms involved. Moreover, the study underscores the importance of considering both oral and gut microbiome in the context of gastrointestinal health and disease management.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jgh3.70390","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T09:59:34Z","timestamp":1774432774000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Oral Microbiome and Constipation: A Causal Link Revealed by Mendelian Randomization"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-5360-0587","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ziyi","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health University of Manchester  UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jinlian","family":"Ling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health University of Manchester  UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiashu","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine  Jiangxi China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(21)00111-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(90)90828-O"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2024.03.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19490976.2023.2197837"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2024.106667"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-023-00963-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygeno.2020.09.063"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cimb44040103"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41522-023-00391-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/jtim-2025-0031"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/20002297.2023.2213112"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2017.17219"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2024.1349465"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2024.1392473"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41421-021-00356-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-021-00931-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.685"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-017-0255-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwu283"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-018-0099-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00775-015-1248-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01511-14"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/femsle\/fny171"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2023.1154611"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2015-309990"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24109087"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.1068825"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00103-13"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1752-7163\/aa7c24"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104527"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00592-023-02217-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.120.316242"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-58642-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2024.105435"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph191610185"}],"container-title":["JGH 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