{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T08:00:18Z","timestamp":1790755218577,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790726400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790726400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009619","name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["24fk0210128h0002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24fk0210128h0002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009619","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JGH Open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sarcopenia is common in cirrhosis and is associated with poor outcomes. We aimed to identify factors associated with longitudinal skeletal muscle loss and to explore estimation of future L3 skeletal muscle index (L3\u2010SMI) using routinely available clinical variables.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective longitudinal study included 175 patients with cirrhosis who underwent serial abdominal CT over five annual time points between 2010 and 2022. The primary analysis used a linear mixed\u2010effects model including annual time point, baseline Child\u2013Pugh class, and their interaction. An exploratory linear regression model estimated Year 5 L3\u2010SMI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In the primary model, L3\u2010SMI declined by \u22121.144\u2009cm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \/m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \/year in baseline Child\u2013Pugh class A. The time\u2010by\u2010class B interaction was not significant (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.024; 95% CI, \u22120.250 to 0.298;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.865), whereas class C was associated with an additional annual decline of \u22121.812\u2009cm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \/m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \/year compared with class A (95% CI, \u22122.735 to \u22120.890;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.0001). This association remained after adjustment for age, sex, baseline HCC status, and the time\u2010by\u2010HCC interaction. In the exploratory Year 5 model, baseline L3\u2010SMI was the dominant predictor; estimates for class C were interpreted cautiously because only five patients were baseline class C.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Baseline hepatic functional reserve, particularly Child\u2013Pugh class C, was associated with faster annual CT\u2010based L3\u2010SMI decline. The Year 5 prediction model is exploratory and requires external validation. Early sarcopenia assessment may facilitate risk stratification in patients with impaired hepatic reserve.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:bold>Trial Registration:<\/jats:bold>\n                      UMIN Clinical Trials Registry: UMIN000051577.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jgh3.70472","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T07:35:31Z","timestamp":1790753731000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Five\u2010Year\n                    <scp>CT<\/scp>\n                    \u2010Based Skeletal Muscle Decline Curves in Cirrhosis According to Liver Functional Reserve and Routinely Available Clinical Factors"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Suguru","family":"Miida","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata University  Niigata Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9135-3092","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiroteru","family":"Kamimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata University  Niigata Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5243-8544","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hitoshi","family":"Yoshiji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Nara Medical University  Kashihara Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masahito","family":"Shimizu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology\/Internal Medicine Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine  Gifu 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