{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,2]],"date-time":"2025-10-02T13:07:03Z","timestamp":1759410423413},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,12]],"date-time":"2008-11-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1226448000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Gene Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a serious infection and disease in southern and eastern Asia. The design and development of safer and more efficacious vaccines against Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is a high\u2010priority target in the world. Recently, baculovirus pseudotyped with vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein (VSVG) was described as an attractive gene delivery vehicle in mammalian cells and a potential vector for vaccine development. In the present study, we constructed a recombinant pseudotype baculovirus encoding the JEV envelope (E) protein and demonstrated that it could elicit high protective immunity in mice.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Recombinant pseudotype baculovirus (BV\u2010G\u2010E) was generated by inserting JEV E gene fragment into pFastBac\u2010VSV\/G vector. BALB\/c mice were immunized with BV\u2010G\u2010E and challenged with JEV wild\u2010type strain. The neutralization antibody, interferon (IFN)\u2010\u03b3 expression and release, and survival rate were analysed and compared with the group of immunized with inactivated vaccine and DNA vaccine (pc\u2010E) encoding the same gene of JEV.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We demonstrated that intramuscular injections of BV\u2010G\u2010E at various doses into mice produced higher levels of JEV\u2010specific neutralizing antibodies, IFN\u2010\u03b3 and better protective efficacy against a lethal challenge with JEV than that of pc\u2010E. Furthermore, BV\u2010G\u2010E could elicit a higher level of cellular immunity response and provide equal protective efficacy against JEV challenge compared to inactivated vaccine.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our data demonstrate that BV\u2010G\u2010E elicited higher levels of protective immunity compared to DNA vaccine and that pseudotype baculovirus\u2010mediated gene delivery can be utilized as an alternative strategy to develop new generations of vaccines against JEV infection. 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