{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T14:27:31Z","timestamp":1788186451993,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,26]],"date-time":"2009-03-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1238025600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Gene Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Previously, using an adenoviral vector, we showed that miniature pigs could provide a valuable and affordable large animal model for pre\u2010clinical gene therapy studies to correct parotid gland radiation damage. However, adenoviral vectors lead to short\u2010term transgene expression and, ideally, a more stable correction is required. In the present study, we examined the suitability of using a serotype 2 adeno\u2010associated viral (AAV2) vector to mediate more stable gene transfer in the parotid glands of these animals.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Heparan sulfate proteoglycan was detected by immunohistochemistry. \u03b2\u2010galactosidase expression was determined histochemically. An AAV2 vector encoding human erythropoietin (hEpo) was administered via Stensen's duct. Salivary and serum hEpo levels were measured using an enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay. Serum chemistry and hematological analyses were performed and serum antibodies to hEpo were measured throughout the study. Vector distribution was determined by a quantitative polymerase chain reaction.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Transgene expression was vector dose\u2010dependent, with high levels of hEpo being detected for up to 32 weeks (i.e. the longest time studied). hEpo reached maximal levels during weeks 4\u20138, but declined to approximately 25% of these values by week 32. Haematocrits were elevated from week 2. Transduced animals exhibited low serum anti\u2010hEpo antibodies (1 : 8\u20131 : 16). Vector biodistribution at animal sacrifice revealed that most copies were in the targeted parotid gland, with few being detected elsewhere. No consistent adverse changes in serum chemistry or hematology parameters were seen.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>AAV2 vectors mediate extended gene transfer to miniature pig parotid glands and should be useful for testing pre\u2010clinical gene therapy strategies aiming to correct salivary gland radiation damage. Copyright \u00a9 2009 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jgm.1319","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,26]],"date-time":"2009-03-26T11:00:02Z","timestamp":1238065202000},"page":"506-514","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Long\u2010term transduction of miniature pig parotid glands using serotype 2 adeno\u2010associated viral vectors"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Bo","family":"Hai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xing","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonis","family":"Voutetakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Changyu","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana 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