{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T07:15:19Z","timestamp":1761894919735},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,24]],"date-time":"2009-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1245801600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Gene Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Liver fibrosis is characterized by the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM). Recent advances in the knowledge about the cellular, molecular and genetic aspects of fibrosis have opened a new era of research on liver cirrhosis. A transcription factor, Sp1, originally described as a ubiquitous transcription factor, is involved in the basal expression of ECM genes and may be important in the fibrotic processes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The chronic hepatic damage received intraperitoneal injection of carbon tetrachloride (2 mg\/kg) dissolved in corn oil (1 : 3 ratio) three times a weekly for 8 weeks. The delivery of decoy oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) was performed by injection of 10 \u00b5g of scrambled decoy ODN or 10 \u00b5g of ring type (R)\u2010Sp1 decoy ODN through the mouse tail vein. All animals of each group were sacrificed, DNA binding activity, expression of cytokines and histological analysis were measured.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We have generated a R\u2010Sp1 decoy ODN that effectively blocks Sp1 binding to the promoter region for transcription regulation of transforming growth factor (TGF)\u2010\u03b21. The expression of fibrotic cytokines and inflammatory cytokines was decreased by using the R\u2010Sp1 decoy ODN in liver cirrhosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The present study demonstrates that the R\u2010Sp1 decoy ODN inhibits TGF\u2010\u03b21 expression in liver cirrhosis. These results indicate that targeting Sp1 can efficiently block ECM expression, and suggest that such an approach may represent an interesting therapeutic alternative towards the treatment of cirrhosis. Copyright \u00a9 2009 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jgm.1355","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,24]],"date-time":"2009-06-24T13:25:42Z","timestamp":1245849942000},"page":"824-833","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Antifibrotic effect through the regulation of transcription factor using ring type\u2010Sp1 decoy oligodeoxynucleotide in carbon tetrachloride\u2010induced liver 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