{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T10:44:31Z","timestamp":1776422671042,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4-6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,6]],"date-time":"2016-06-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1465171200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":66,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China grant","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["81572986"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81572986"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation grant","award":["LZ16D060002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LZ16D060002"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Gene Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our previous studies have demonstrated that, through adenovirus mediated gene delivery, various exogenously expressed lectins elicited cytotoxicity to cancer cells, utilizing protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) as a common binding target.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the present study, a FLAG tagged <jats:italic>Anguilla japonica<\/jats:italic> lectin 1 (AJL1) expression cassette was genetically harbored in a replication\u2010defective adenovirus genome, forming Ad.FLAG\u2010AJL1. The exogenous AJL1\u2010induced cytotoxicity and the underlying mechanisms were analyzed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The exogenous AJL1 suppressed the proliferation of a variety of human cancer cells by inducing apoptosis. Caspase 9, Bcl\u20102, X\u2010linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein, mitogen\u2010activated protein kinase kinase 1\/2\u2010extracellular signal\u2010regulated kinase and p38 mitogen\u2010activated protein kinase were found to be responsible for the exogenous AJL1\u2010induced cytotoxicity. AJL1 was further suggested to regulate PRMT5\u2010E2F\u20101 pathway, a pathway shared by previously reported marine lectins <jats:italic>Dicentrarchus labrax<\/jats:italic> fucose binding lectin and <jats:italic>Strongylocentrotus purpuratus<\/jats:italic> rhamnose binding lectin. A localization study revealed that exogenous AJL1 widely distributed in the cell membrane and cytoplasm.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results of the present study suggest that the PRMT5\u2010E2F\u20101 pathway may act as a common target for exogenous lectins including AJL1, and the cellular response to exogenous AJL1 may suggest a novel agent for cancer gene therapy. 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