{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,13]],"date-time":"2024-06-13T16:38:45Z","timestamp":1718296725755},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,27]],"date-time":"2016-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1474934400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":26,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Gene Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Astrocytes are susceptible to HIV\u20101 infection. Neurocognitive dysfunction has also been associated with the toxicity of certain antiretroviral drugs. HIV\u20101 induced neurological toxicity has been associated with deficiency of matrix metalloproteinases. Therefore, we evaluated the association of <jats:italic>MMP\u20102<\/jats:italic>(\u2212735C\u00a0&gt;\u00a0T) and <jats:italic>MMP\u20109<\/jats:italic>(\u22121562C\u00a0&gt;\u00a0T) polymorphisms with respect to the susceptibility of developing HIV\u2010associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) and its severity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We enrolled 50 HIV\u2010infected individuals with HAND, 130 without HAND and 150 unrelated healthy controls. Polymorphism for <jats:italic>MMP\u20102<\/jats:italic>\u2010735C\u00a0&gt;\u00a0T and <jats:italic>MMP\u20109<\/jats:italic>\u20101562C\u00a0&gt;\u00a0T genes was genotyped by polymerase chain reaction\u2010restriction fragment length polymorphism.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Individuals with the <jats:italic>MMP\u2010<\/jats:italic>2 \u2010735 CT genotype and \u2010735\u00a0T allele were at higher risk of developing HAND [odds ratio (OR)\u00a0=\u00a05.27, 95% confidence interval (CI)\u00a0=\u00a01.30\u201321.35, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.02 and OR =\u00a02.27, 95% CI\u00a0=\u00a01.57\u20133.27, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.0001 respectively]. The <jats:italic>MMP\u2010<\/jats:italic>2 \u2010735 CT genotype and \u2212735\u00a0T allele of <jats:italic>MMP\u2010<\/jats:italic>2 were associated with a reduced likelihood of severe HAND (OR =0.32, 95% CI\u00a0=\u00a00.15\u20130.66, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.002 and OR =\u00a00.32, 95% CI\u00a0=\u00a00.14\u20130.71, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.005). When evaluating gene\u2013gene interaction models, the combined genotype <jats:italic>MMP\u20102<\/jats:italic>\u2010735TT\u00a0+\u00a0<jats:italic>MMP\u20109<\/jats:italic>\u20101562CC and <jats:italic>MMP\u20102<\/jats:italic>\u2010735CT\u00a0+\u00a0<jats:italic>MMP\u20109<\/jats:italic>\u20101562CT was associated with the risk of developing HAND (OR =\u00a04.84, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.0001, OR =\u00a01.81, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.03). However, individuals with the combined genotype of <jats:italic>MMP\u20102<\/jats:italic>\u2010735TT\u00a0+\u00a0<jats:italic>MMP\u20109<\/jats:italic>\u20101562CC were found to be protective for severe HAND (OR =\u00a00.30, 95% CI\u00a0=\u00a00.13\u20130.67, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.003).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Individuals with the <jats:italic>MMP\u20102<\/jats:italic> \u2010735CT genotype, \u2212735\u00a0T allele and combined genotype <jats:italic>MMP\u20102 \u2010<\/jats:italic>735TT\u00a0+\u00a0<jats:italic>MMP\u20109<\/jats:italic> \u20101562CC had an enhanced risk of developing HAND. Those with the <jats:italic>MMP\u2010<\/jats:italic>2 \u2010735 CT genotype, \u2212735\u00a0T allele and combined genotype of <jats:italic>MMP\u20102<\/jats:italic>\u2010735TT\u00a0+\u00a0<jats:italic>MMP\u20109<\/jats:italic>\u20101562CC were suggested to have protection from developing severe HAND.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jgm.2897","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,23]],"date-time":"2016-08-23T21:56:41Z","timestamp":1471989401000},"page":"250-257","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Genetic variation of MMP\u20102(\u2010735 C&gt;T) and MMP\u20109(\u20101562 C&gt;T) gene in risk of development of HAND and severity of HAND"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"HariOm","family":"Singh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology National AIDS Research Institute  Pune India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shruti 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