{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T23:43:15Z","timestamp":1792194195425,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,3]],"date-time":"2020-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1580688000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007334","name":"Ministry of Health and Family Welfare","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DHR\/HRD\/SUG\u201017\/2015\u201016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DHR\/HRD\/SUG\u201017\/2015\u201016"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007334","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Gene Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Non\u2010alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is commonly diagnosed in patients presenting with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and has been associated with single nucleotide polymorphisms of rs738409 in the patatin\u2010like phospholipase domain containing 3 (<jats:italic>PNPLA3<\/jats:italic>) gene. This association remains to be investigated in the South Indian population. We aimed to determine the association of the <jats:italic>PNPLA3<\/jats:italic> rs738409 gene polymorphism with MetS and NAFLD among a Chennai\u2010based population.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study comprised 105 NAFLD cases and 102 controls. All subjects were genotyped for the <jats:italic>PNPLA3<\/jats:italic> rs738409 variant and MetS was defined according to the National Cholesterol Education Program \u2013 Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. Our case\u2013control study showed the association of the variant with NAFLD and MetS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The <jats:italic>PNPLA3<\/jats:italic> rs738409 variant was associated with NAFLD and the genotype frequencies (CC\/CG\/GG) were 19 (18.1%), 50 (47.6%) and 36 (34.3%) in the NAFLD group and 59 (57.8%), 29 (28.4%) and 14 (13.7%) in the control group respectively. We also confirmed the interaction between the <jats:italic>PNPLA3<\/jats:italic> rs738409 polymorphism and MetS with respect tto elevated triglyceride levels. However, an association with elevated waist circumference, fasting glucose, blood pressure and decreased high\u2010density lipoprotein cholesterol was not observed in the present study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The <jats:italic>PNPLA3<\/jats:italic> rs738409 gene polymorphism increases the risk of NAFLD by up to four\u2010fold in subjects with an elevated level of triglyceride independent of other features of MetS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jgm.3160","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,16]],"date-time":"2020-01-16T18:37:54Z","timestamp":1579199874000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Association of metabolic syndrome and patatin\u2010like phospholipase 3 \u2013 rs738409 gene variant in non\u2010alcoholic fatty liver disease among a Chennai\u2010based south Indian population"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Krishnasamy","family":"Narayanasamy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Hepatobiliary Sciences Madras Medical College  Chennai Tamil Nadu India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3938-3347","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rajendran","family":"Karthick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Multidisciplinary Research Unit (MRU) Madras Medical College  Chennai Tamil Nadu India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4529-6285","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Priyadarshini","family":"Panneerselvam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Multidisciplinary Research Unit (MRU) Madras Medical College  Chennai Tamil Nadu 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