{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]],"date-time":"2025-12-16T12:41:53Z","timestamp":1765888913093,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,25]],"date-time":"2022-06-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656115200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Gene Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Previous studies in nephrotic syndrome have shown that three common variants in the <jats:italic>ABCB1<\/jats:italic> gene, including rs1128503, rs2032582, and rs1045642, change the expression and activity of <jats:italic>ABCB1<\/jats:italic>, which may be responsible for the drug resistance. However, as a result of the inconclusive outcomes of these studies, we performed a meta\u2010analysis to validate the association between <jats:italic>ABCB1<\/jats:italic> polymorphisms and the susceptibility of steroid\u2010resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS). The association was evaluated by calculating the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval. A total of 12 studies containing 1,463 subjects (514 steroid\u2010resistant and 949 steroid\u2010sensitive) were included. Single nucleotide polymorphism rs1128503 showed a significant association with SRNS (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u20090.05) only in the allele model (OR\u2009=\u00a01.40) in Africans. A statistically significant association was found for rs2032582 in codominant 2, dominant, recessive, and allele models (OR\u2009=\u00a01.85, 1.52, 1.38, and 1.34, respectively). Subgroup analysis revealed that rs2032582 showed a significant correlation with SRNS in codominant 1, 2, dominant, over\u2010dominant, and allele models in Africans (OR\u2009=\u00a03.22, 3.52, 3.29, 1.74, and 1.83, respectively). In the case of rs1045642, codominant 1 (OR\u2009=\u00a00.72) and recessive models (OR\u2009=\u00a01.34) revealed a significant correlation with SRNS. Again, codominant 1 (OR\u2009=\u00a00.58), dominant (OR\u2009=\u00a00.69), and over\u2010dominant models (OR\u2009=\u00a00.62) showed a protective effect in Asians. Haplotype analysis showed that the TGC haplotype is associated with a 1.83, 1.77, and 2.17 times significant correlation in overall, Asian, and African populations, respectively. By contrast, the CGC haplotype showed a 0.69 and 0.57 times lower association in the overall and African populations, respectively. The CTC haplotype also showed a 1.79 times enhanced susceptibility for SRNS in the overall population. Our study suggests that <jats:italic>ABCB1<\/jats:italic> polymorphisms are associated with SRNS development, especially in Africans and Asians.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jgm.3436","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,14]],"date-time":"2022-06-14T01:58:33Z","timestamp":1655171913000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["The role of <i>ABCB1<\/i> gene polymorphisms in steroid\u2010resistant nephrotic syndrome: Evidence from a meta\u2010analysis of steroid\u2010receiving patients"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2079-4509","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Md. 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