{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T10:14:44Z","timestamp":1785752084866,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,28]],"date-time":"2024-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724803200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003399","name":"Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20S11901300"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20S11901300"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003399","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Gene Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Lung cancer is a prevalent and severe form of malignant tumors worldwide. tRF\u2010Leu\u2010CAG, a recently discovered non\u2010coding single\u2010stranded small RNA derived from transfer RNA, has sparked interest in exploring its biological functions and potential molecular mechanisms in lung cancer.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The abundance of tRF\u2010Leu\u2010CAG was measured via quantitative real\u2010time polymerase chain reaction (qRT\u2010PCR) in 96 sets of lung cancer tissue samples obtained from clinical patients. Subsequently, both in vivo and in vitro experiments were conducted to validate the biological functions of tRF\u2010Leu\u2010CAG in lung cancer. Furthermore, an exploration of the potential target genes of tRF\u2010Leu\u2010CAG and its association with autophagy and drug resistance in lung cancer was undertaken.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our analysis revealed a significant upregulation of tRF\u2010Leu\u2010CAG in non\u2010small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissues. Additionally, we observed that heightened expression of tRF\u2010Leu\u2010CAG significantly augmented the proliferation and migration of NSCLC cells, facilitated cell cycle progression, and suppressed apoptosis. Furthermore, we identified transcription elongation factor A3 (TCEA3) as a direct target gene of tRF\u2010Leu\u2010CAG. TCEA3 inhibited the proliferation and migration of NSCLC, and tRF\u2010Leu\u2010CAG promoted the proliferation and migration of NSCLC by mediating the silencing of TCEA3. Moreover, we demonstrated that the augmentation of paclitaxel resistance by tRF\u2010Leu\u2010CAG was contingent on autophagy. Finally, tRF\u2010Leu\u2010CAG notably accelerated tumor growth and promoted the process of epithelial\u2010mesenchymal transition (EMT) in vivo.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>tRF\u2010Leu\u2010CAG promotes NSCLC tumor growth and metastasis by targeting TCEA3 and promotes paclitaxel resistance by enhancing cellular autophagy. These results provide potentially effective targets and therapeutic options for the clinical treatment of NSCLC.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jgm.3737","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,29]],"date-time":"2024-08-29T03:53:23Z","timestamp":1724903603000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Oncogenic tRNA\u2010derived fragment tRF\u2010Leu\u2010CAG promotes tumorigenesis of lung cancer via targeting TCEA3 and increasing autophagy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Fan","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Lab for Noncoding RNA &amp; Cancer Shanghai University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Binshu","family":"Chai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lab for Noncoding RNA &amp; Cancer Shanghai University  Shanghai 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