{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T06:11:44Z","timestamp":1776147104519,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,7,8]],"date-time":"2003-07-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1057622400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Gene Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Adenoviral vectors are widely used as gene\u2010transfer vehicles in experimental and clinical studies. Since virus incorporation and transfection efficacy depend to a large extent on the concentration of the coxsackie\u2010and\u2010adenovirus (CAR) receptor on target cells the aim of this study was to quantify the CAR\u2010receptor concentration in various human cardiomyopathies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>After RNA isolation from myocardial biopsies obtained during surgical procedures, cDNA was generated by reverse transcription. The relative RNA content was analyzed by quantitative PCR using glyceraldehydes\u20103\u2010phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) as a standard reference. The cardiomyopathies (CM) analyzed were categorized according to their etiology in dilated CM (DCM, n = 28), ischemic CM (ICM, n = 52), CM in mitral valve disease (MVCM, n = 32) and aortic valve disease (AVCM, n = 32). Data were related to non\u2010cardiomyopathic tissue from donor hearts (non\u2010CM, n = 64).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Compared with non\u2010CM hearts DCM showed a 34\u2010fold (\u00b15.4) increase in CAR mRNA concentration, in ICM CAR mRNA was elevated by a factor of 12 (\u00b14.3), in MVCM by 27 (\u00b17) and AVCM by factor 47 (\u00b19.3) (ANOVA <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001). Compared with the expression in rat hearts CAR levels were found to be similar to those in human ICM.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>These results show that cardiomyopathies associated with heart failure transcribe substantially higher levels \u2013 on average by a factor of 30 \u2013 of CAR\u2010mRNA than non\u2010failing control hearts. Myocardial gene transfer using adenoviral vectors should therefore be facilitated in human cardiomyopathies and may present a promising approach for therapeutic interventions. Copyright \u00a9 2003 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jgm.411","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,10,3]],"date-time":"2003-10-03T07:01:12Z","timestamp":1065164472000},"page":"876-882","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Coxsackie\u2010and\u2010adenovirus receptor mRNA expression in human heart failure"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"A.","family":"Sasse","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Wallich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Z.","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Goedecke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Schrader","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,7,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_2","first-page":"51","article-title":"Efficient catheter\u2010mediated gene transfer into the heart using replication\u2010defective adenovirus","volume":"1","author":"Barr E","year":"1994","journal-title":"Gene Ther"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.86.6.616"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.275.5304.1320"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MMBR.63.3.725-734.1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.gt.3301030"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.gt.3301006"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_2","first-page":"5031","article-title":"The dual impact of coxsackie and adenovirus receptor expression on human prostate cancer gene therapy","volume":"60","author":"Okegawa T","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_2","first-page":"4208","article-title":"Factors limiting adenovirus\u2010mediated gene transfer into human lung and pancreatic cancer cell lines","volume":"5","author":"Pearson AS","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_2","first-page":"325","article-title":"Loss of adenoviral receptor expression in human bladder cancer cells: a potential impact on the efficacy of gene therapy","volume":"59","author":"Li Y","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/hum.1998.9.16-2363"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_2","first-page":"4175","article-title":"Variability of adenovirus receptor density influences gene transfer efficiency and therapeutic response in head and neck cancer","volume":"5","author":"Li D","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.75.9.4276-4282.2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/10430349950018409"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.86.3.275"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI10370"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-2952(98)00332-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.71.11.8221-8229.1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(93)90231-E"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.104.3.275"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(02)01688-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1096-7192(02)00168-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7077","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.73.8.7077-7079.1999","article-title":"Expression of the coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells: regulation in response to cell density","volume":"73","author":"Carson SD","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/excr.1999.4761"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.261452898"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.72.1.415-419.1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.7.3352"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.71.3.590"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Gene Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fjgm.411","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fjgm.411","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jgm.411","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,25]],"date-time":"2023-09-25T04:10:53Z","timestamp":1695615053000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jgm.411"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,7,8]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jgm.411"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jgm.411","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1099-498X","1521-2254"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1099-498X","type":"print"},{"value":"1521-2254","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,7,8]]}}}