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Twenty genes linked to type 2 diabetes were found in this study, and the various analyses, including chromosome localization, synteny analysis, physiochemical features, phylogenetic analysis, motif analysis, protein\u2013protein interactions, gene structure, and expression profiles, were examined using a variety of bioinformatics tools.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The findings revealed that the <jats:italic>FOS<\/jats:italic> gene was highly acidic with an isoelectric point (<jats:italic>pI\u2009=<\/jats:italic>\u20094.77); however, the <jats:italic>VEGFA<\/jats:italic> gene was greatly basic with an isoelectric point (<jats:italic>pI<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20099.24) as compared to the chosen genes in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>H.\u2009sapiens<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content>. A chromosomal localization analysis showed that diabetes\u2010associated genes were randomly positioned on human chromosomes, with four genes (<jats:italic>ELMO1<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>GCK<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>GNAI<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>CYP3A4<\/jats:italic>) on Chr7, while seven individual genes included <jats:italic>PPM1K<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>TDO2<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>GALNT7<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>PIK3R1<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>VEGFA<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>PTGS1<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>TCF7L2<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>GNG3<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>SIRT4<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>SSTR2<\/jats:italic> on chromosome numbers 5, 6, 9, 10, 11, 12, and 17, respectively. There were no tandem duplication events detected. Thirteen taxa (consisting of 26 genes) were identified by a phylogenetic tree, and seven taxa revealed orthologous conservation. Motif analysis showed the top 5 motifs were expected with identical frequency except motif 1 and motif 2. Strong interactions were seen between the <jats:italic>ELMO1<\/jats:italic> gene and all predictive partners bearing a higher bitscore value of 1439.5 than other genes indicated by protein\u2013protein interaction. Regarding gene structure analysis, the <jats:italic>CHL1<\/jats:italic> gene showed a maximum number of 26 exons as compared with other genes in its structure. The highest expression level was exhibited by the <jats:italic>CYP3A4<\/jats:italic> gene in the liver and pancreas as compared with other genes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The present study provides insight into diabetes mellitus (type 2)\u2013associated genes and can serve as a basis for their functional analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jgm.70025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,4]],"date-time":"2025-06-04T07:09:53Z","timestamp":1749020993000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Genome\u2010Wide Study of Diabetes Mellitus (Type 2)\u2013Associated Genes in <scp><i>Homo sapiens<\/i><\/scp> (Human)"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Rizwan","family":"Shaukat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry University of Okara  Okara Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1697-7580","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amjad","family":"Hussain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry University of Okara  Okara Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhammad\u00a0Sajid\u00a0Hamid","family":"Akash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Government College University  Faisalabad Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kanwal","family":"Rehman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy The Women University  Multan Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Imran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Research Centre for Advanced Materials, Science (RCAMS) King Khalid University  Abha Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Enas","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Research Impact &amp; 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