{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T19:19:55Z","timestamp":1790882395059,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,7]],"date-time":"2006-04-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1144368000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Gene Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Restenosis is still a significant clinical problem limiting the long\u2010term therapeutic success following balloon dilation or stent implantation. New approaches are necessary inhibiting neointima formation and simultaneously promoting re\u2010endothelialization. Therefore, long\u2010term therapeutic effects of adventitial liposome\u2010mediated C\u2010type natriuretic protein (CNP) gene and CNP peptide applications in a porcine model for restenosis post\u2010angioplasty were investigated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>For <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> applications, primary cultures of porcine vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and endothelial cells (ECs) were used. Gene transfer was performed with cationic lipid DOCSPER [1,3\u2010dioleoyloxy\u20102\u2010(<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>5<\/jats:sup>\u2010carbamoylspermine)propane]. <jats:italic>In vivo<\/jats:italic> treatment of pig femoral arteries was adventitial using a needle injection catheter following balloon angioplasty. Arteries were investigated by angiography, Evan's blue staining, histomorphometry, immunohistochemistry, PCR and RT\u2010PCR.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Using CNP gene transfer <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>, 29.4 \u00b1 7.2% reduction of cell proliferation in VSMCs was observed. In ECs, the CNP gene did not compromise cellular growth. For the CNP peptide the optimal concentration was 1 mM with 50.7 \u00b1 11.3% reduction of VSMC proliferation and 12.1 \u00b1 5.3% enhancement of growth of ECs. Three weeks following application <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> complete re\u2010endothelialization was observed in all treated groups. At 3 months significant reduction of neointima formation was observed using CNP gene vs. CNP peptide (85.9 \u00b1 7.8% vs. 63.3 \u00b1 27.6% reduction, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05) compared to control treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Periadventitial liposome\u2010mediated CNP gene transfer <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> resulted in a significant long\u2010term reduction of neointima formation without compromising endothelial repair and was superior over single CNP peptide administration. Advantages of CNP are its physiological origin and simultaneous inhibition of VSMC proliferation and promotion of EC growth. Copyright \u00a9 2006 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jgm.905","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,7]],"date-time":"2006-04-07T11:17:28Z","timestamp":1144408648000},"page":"835-844","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["C\u2010type natriuretic peptide for reduction of restenosis: gene transfer is superior over single peptide administration"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Jaroslav","family":"Pelisek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra T.","family":"Fuchs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Kuehnl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael 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