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JC polyomavirus reactivation resulting in PML can rarely complicate chimeric antigen receptor T\u2010cell (CAR\u2010T) therapy. We describe successful treatment of PML with Programmed death\u20101 (PD\u20101) blockade using pembrolizumab, 4 months following axicabtagene ciloleucel. Radiological features of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome without clinical deterioration were seen. Evidence of anti\u2010viral immune reconstitution by in vitro detection of JC\u2010specific T\u2010cells and sustained neurological recovery in this patient suggest PD\u20101 blockade may be an effective treatment approach for PML post\u2010CAR\u2010T.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jha2.274","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,4]],"date-time":"2021-08-04T11:44:04Z","timestamp":1628077444000},"page":"848-853","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Pembrolizumab for the treatment of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy following anti\u2010CD19 CAR\u2010T therapy: a case report"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"2","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9695-7127","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Strachan","family":"Mackenzie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"UCL Cancer Institute Paul O'Gorman Building University College London  London UK"},{"name":"UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health University College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manar","family":"Shafat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCL Cancer Institute Paul O'Gorman Building University College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harriet","family":"Roddy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCL Cancer Institute Paul O'Gorman Building University College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harpreet","family":"Hyare","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Haematology University College London Hospital NHS Foundation Trust  London UK"},{"name":"Department of Radiology University College London Hospital NHS Foundation Trust  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorna","family":"Neill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Haematology University College London Hospital NHS Foundation Trust  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria A. 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