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Fatigue, muscle weakness, reduced exercise capacity, changes in thymia and modified emotional behaviors are the commonest symptoms integrated in the history of ID, dependent or not of the hemoglobin concentration. The relationship between depression and absolute ID (AID) is a condition which is often unrecognized. Neuro\u2010bioavailability and brain capture of blood iron are necessary for an appropriate synthesis of neurotransmitters (serotonin, dopamine, noradrenaline). These neurotransmitters, involved in emotional behaviors, depend on neuron aromatic hydoxylases functioning with iron as essential cofactor. Noradrenaline also has impact on neuroplasticity via brain\u2010derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), which is key for prefrontal and hippocampus neurons playing a role in depression. Establishing the formal relationship between depression and AID remains difficult. Intracerebral reduced iron is still hard to quantify by neuroimaging and single\u2010photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) now tends to explore the neurotransmission pathways. AID has to be looked for and identified in the context of depression, major episode or resistant to conventional treatment such as serotonin reuptake inhibitor, and even in the absence of anemia, microcytosis or hypochromia (non\u2010anemic ID). Confronted to brain imaging, blood iron status evaluation is indicated, especially in depressed, treatment\u2010resistant, iron\u2010deficient young women. In patients suffering from depression, increase in the prevalence of AID should be considered, in order to deliver a suitable treatment, considering both anti\u2010depressive program and iron supplementation if AID.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jha2.321","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,5]],"date-time":"2021-12-05T23:50:23Z","timestamp":1638748223000},"page":"263-275","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":73,"title":["Iron, neuro\u2010bioavailability and depression"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"3","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1246-5852","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian","family":"Berthou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immuno\u2010Hematology INSERM UMR 12 27 LBAI University Brest  Brest France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean Paul","family":"Iliou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry  Pont Labb\u00e9 Hospital France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Denis","family":"Barba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health and Medical Center  Le Guilvinec France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/anae.15432"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)60865-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)32594-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","unstructured":"WHO.Prevalence of anaemia in women.https:\/\/apps.who.int\/gho\/data\/node.main.ANAEMIAINWOMENANDCHILDREN?lang=en. 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