{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T03:53:14Z","timestamp":1791604394615,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787270400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":20,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007052","name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Verona","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007052","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["eJHaem"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>IFD is a significant cause of illness and death among pediatric patients undergoing chemotherapy or HSCT. Application of AFP in children varies widely and is frequently off\u2010label. This survey aims to describe real\u2010world AFP practices across centers within AIEOP and provide an estimate of IFD incidence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In the second half of 2023, AIEOP centers participated in a web\u2010based questionnaire collecting data on their AFP practices, antifungal agents, and IFD cases from 2021 to 2022.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nineteen out of 44 AIEOP centers (43%) responded. AFP practices varied based on underlying disease and associated risk of IFD: it was used in 100% of centers treating AML, ALL\u2010Rel, and allo\u2010HSCT recipients, in 94.5% of centers for ALL\u2010HR patients, and in 53% of centers with ALL\u2010IR. Usage of AFP was limited (11%\u201335%) in low\u2010risk patients (ALL\u2010SR, HL, solid tumors). The most frequently used agents were liposomal amphotericin B and posaconazole for high\u2010risk patients, and fluconazole for lower\u2010risk patients. The estimated incidence of IFD was 4.7% (&gt;\u00a010% in ALL\u2010Rel, NHL, allo\u2010HSCT, SAA\/AA).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This survey shows variability in AFP drug choice. IFD rates remain elevated in high\u2010risk groups. These results underline the need for updated, pediatric\u2010specific national guidelines and antifungal stewardship to improve prophylaxis strategies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial Registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The authors have confirmed clinical trial registration is not needed for this submission.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jha2.70337","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T10:40:57Z","timestamp":1787308857000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Practices of Antifungal Prophylaxis Among Italian Pediatric Oncology\u2013Hematology Centers"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Martina","family":"Colli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Hematology and Oncology IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero\u2010Universitaria di Bologna  Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Grasso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuela","family":"Spadea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Onco\u2010Hematology, Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Division Regina Margherita Children's Hospital  Turin Italy"},{"name":"University of Turin  Turin Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Compagno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paediatric Haematology and Oncology Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo  Pavia Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Chiusaroli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric 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