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The cross\u2010sectional study included 316 BTC and 301 non\u2010BTC. Propensity score matching was applied to adjust for sex and age differences between BTC and non\u2010BTC. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression identified independent risk factors for BTC and constructed the BTC\u2010G model. The ROC curve was used to validate the diagnostic performance of BTC\u2010G. Longitudinal follow\u2010up studies included postoperative (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200950) and immunotherapy (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200943) follow\u2010up cohorts. Cox regression analysis identified N\u2010glycan structures impacting BTC prognosis postoperative and immunotherapy, with further confirmation through Kaplan\u2013Meier curves.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Univariate and multivariate analyses identified Peak3 (OR: 0.790, 95% CI: 0.658\u20130.949), Peak9 (OR: 1.646, 95% CI: 1.409\u20131.922), and Peak9p (OR: 2.467, 95% CI: 1.267\u20134.804) as independent BTC risk factors, leading to the creation of the BTC\u2010G. The ROC curve confirmed that BTC\u2010G performed well in training (AUC: 0.753, 95% CI: 0.703\u20130.799), validation (AUC: 0.811, 95% CI: 0.740\u20130.870), and CA19\u20109 negative cohorts (AUC: 0.717, 95% CI: 0.664\u20130.767). Cox regression analysis and Kaplan\u2013Meier curves established that Peak12 (HR: 5.578, 95% CI: 1.145\u201327.170) and Peak11 (HR: 1.104, 95% CI: 0.611\u20131.994) are independent risk factors for BTC prognosis following surgery and immunotherapy, respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our NGFP technology supplements BTC diagnostics, distinguishing survival and recurrence subtypes for postoperative and immunotherapy, thereby supporting the development of treatment strategies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jhbp.12011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,2]],"date-time":"2024-06-02T13:18:30Z","timestamp":1717334310000},"page":"537-548","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["N\u2010glycan signatures identified in the serum from biliary tract cancer patients: Association with clinical diagnosis and 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