{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T21:23:36Z","timestamp":1783113816870,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,22]],"date-time":"2025-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758499200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Hepato Biliary Pancreat"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Enterococci are commonly isolated from bile cultures in patients with acute cholangitis (AC) and pose a global concern owing to antibiotic resistance. This study identified predictive factors and clinical characteristics of AC with enterococcal\u2010positive bile cultures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Consecutive patients with AC and bactobilia who underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography between April 2022 and March 2024 were included. Patients were categorized into enterococcal (E) and non\u2010E groups based on bile culture results. Predictive factors for enterococcal positivity were analyzed. Empirical antibiotic coverage and clinical outcomes (symptom duration, length of antibiotic therapy, in\u2010hospital mortality, and short\u2010term recurrence) were compared within all\u2010grade and severe AC.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among 250 patients, 100 with enterococcal\u2010positive bile cultures formed the E group. Predictive factors included age\u2009&gt;\u200971\u2009years, immunosuppressed status, prior endoscopic sphincterotomy, and prior biliary stenting. Inappropriate empirical antibiotic coverage was more frequent in the E group across both severity categories. Clinical outcomes did not differ among all\u2010grade patients except for higher short\u2010term recurrence in the E group. No significant differences were observed among severe patients for any clinical outcome.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Enterococcal\u2010positive bile cultures are predicted by specific factors. Despite frequent inadequate empirical antibiotic coverage, most clinical outcomes were similar to those for non\u2010enterococcal patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jhbp.70012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,23]],"date-time":"2025-09-23T06:37:19Z","timestamp":1758609439000},"page":"893-900","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Clinical Characteristics and Predictors of Acute Cholangitis With Enterococcal\u2010Positive Bile Cultures:\u00a0A Retrospective Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Junichi","family":"Kaneko","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Iwata City Hospital  Iwata Shizuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3693-5540","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masaki","family":"Takinami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Iwata City Hospital  Iwata Shizuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akihiro","family":"Anma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Iwata City Hospital  Iwata Shizuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daijiro","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Iwata City Hospital  Iwata Shizuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kohei","family":"Nishizawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Iwata City Hospital  Iwata Shizuoka 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Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masafumi","family":"Nishino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Iwata City Hospital  Iwata Shizuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9610(75)90362-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jhbp.518"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000002255"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/19.2.279"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1286-4579(01)01530-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2018.08.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(17)30753-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","unstructured":"CDC \u201cAntibiotic Resistance Threats in the United States 2019 \u201d(Atlanta GA: Antibiotic Resistance Coordination and Strategy Unit within the Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion National 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