{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T19:20:47Z","timestamp":1791400847424,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,1]],"date-time":"2017-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1509494400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["145,373"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["145,373"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000245","name":"Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000245","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Intern AIDS Soc"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Globally, young gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (gb<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MSM<\/jats:styled-content>) continue to experience disproportionately high rates of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content> and other sexually transmitted and blood\u2010borne infections (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STBBI<\/jats:styled-content>s). As such, there are strong public health imperatives to evaluate innovative prevention, treatment and care interventions, including online interventions. This study reviewed and assessed the status of published research (e.g. effectiveness; acceptability; differential effects across subgroups) involving online interventions that address <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STBBI<\/jats:styled-content>s among young gb<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MSM<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We searched Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Google Scholar to identify relevant English\u2010language publications from inception to November 2016. Studies that assessed an online intervention regarding the prevention, care, or treatment of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STBBI<\/jats:styled-content>s were included. Studies with &lt;50% gbMSM or with a mean age \u226530\u00a0years were excluded.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of the 3465 articles screened, 17 studies met inclusion criteria. Sixteen studies assessed interventions at the \u201cproof\u2010of\u2010concept\u201d phase, while one study assessed an intervention in the dissemination phase. All of the studies focused on behavioural or knowledge outcomes at the individual level (e.g. condom use, testing behaviour), and all but one reported a statistically significant effect on \u22651 primary outcomes. Twelve studies described theory\u2010based interventions. Twelve were conducted in the United States, with study samples focusing mainly on White, African\u2010American and\/or Latino populations; the remaining were conducted in Hong Kong, Peru, China, and Thailand. Thirteen studies included gay and bisexual men; four studies did not assess sexual identity. Two studies reported including both <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content>+ and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2212 participants, and all but one study included one or more measure of socio\u2010economic status. Few studies reported on the differential intervention effects by socio\u2010economic status, sexual identity, race or serostatus.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>While online interventions show promise at addressing <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STBBI<\/jats:styled-content> among young gb<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MSM<\/jats:styled-content>, to date, little emphasis has been placed on assessing: (i) potential differential effects of interventions across subgroups of young gb<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MSM<\/jats:styled-content>; (ii) effectiveness studies of interventions in the dissemination phase; and (iii) on some \u201ckey\u201d populations of young gb<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MSM<\/jats:styled-content> (e.g. those who are: transgender, from low\u2010income settings and\/or <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content> positive). Future research that unpacks the potentially distinctive experiences of particular subgroups with \u201creal world\u201d interventions is needed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jia2.25017","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,1]],"date-time":"2017-12-01T17:40:56Z","timestamp":1512150056000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Online interventions to address <scp>HIV<\/scp> and other sexually transmitted and blood\u2010borne infections among young gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men: a systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1464-1584","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rod","family":"Knight","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"British Columbia Centre on Substance Use Vancouver Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Karamouzian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"British Columbia Centre on Substance Use Vancouver Canada"},{"name":"School of Population and Public Health University of British Columbia Vancouver Canada"},{"name":"HIV\/STI Surveillance Research Center, and WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance Institute for Futures Studies in Health Kerman University of Medical Sciences Kerman Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Travis","family":"Salway","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Population and Public Health University of British Columbia Vancouver Canada"},{"name":"British Columbia Centre for Disease Control Vancouver Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Gilbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Population and Public Health University of British Columbia Vancouver Canada"},{"name":"British Columbia Centre for Disease Control Vancouver Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean","family":"Shoveller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Population and Public Health University of British Columbia Vancouver Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)60821-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)30781-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0000000000000508"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/COH.0b013e32832c3bb3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/003335491012500222"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.aids.0000432449.30239.fe"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e32833c11a5"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e32832e5631"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11904-014-0239-3"},{"issue":"583","key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"systemic examination of the use of online social networking sites for sexual health promotion","volume":"11","author":"Gold J","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(17)30051-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2012.03.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10508-016-0709-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0000000000000332"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21642850.2014.895368"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09540121.2012.668167"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/jmir.3393"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","unstructured":"Union IT.Statistics.2017. [Retrieved 2017 February 20]. Available from:http:\/\/wwwituint\/en\/ITU-D\/Statistics\/Pages\/stat\/defaultaspx."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","unstructured":"PoushterJ.Internet access growing worldwide but remains higher in advanced economies.2016. Available fromhttp:\/\/wwwpewglobalorg\/2016\/02\/22\/internet-access-growing-worldwide\u2010 but\u2010remains\u2010 higher\u2010in\u2010 advanced\u2010economies\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","article-title":"Smartphone ownership and internet usage continues to climb in emerging economies","volume":"22","author":"Poushter J","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pew Research Center"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1071\/SH16099"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-015-1396-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/jmir.7111"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-151-4-200908180-00135"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0138237"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.d5928"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","volume-title":"The Newcastle\u2010Ottawa Scale (NOS) for assessing the quality of nonrandomised studies in meta\u2010analyses","author":"Wells GA","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/her\/cyl057"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10865-008-9171-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09540120701694048"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0010448"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-009-9578-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09540121.2011.647677"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18716","DOI":"10.7448\/IAS.16.3.18716","article-title":"Reducing shame in a game that predicts HIV risk reduction for young adult MSM: a randomized trial delivered nationally over the Web","volume":"16","author":"Christensen JL","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Int AIDS Soc"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-013-0507-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nhs.12135"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-014-0811-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-015-1009-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-014-0911-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00224499.2013.867924"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3018(14)00006-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1521\/aeap.2016.28.4.341"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-015-1263-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-015-1277-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2014.301992"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0000000000000380"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-014-0942-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09540121.2016.1146653"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/jmir.4384"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0000000000000882"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-016-1301-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-015-1215-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2014-051598"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-016-1403-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2015-052090"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0b013e318278bd12"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-159-5-201309030-00005"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1090198110379572"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00333549101250S105"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1521\/aeap.16.4.315.40399"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0b013e31824e5150"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pec.2009.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0b013e318223fcbc"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.PHH.0000267682.77787.3a"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-013-0469-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0046252"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09540120902730013"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2013-051184.1171"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09540120412331292507"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1521\/aeap.2013.25.2.87"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/her\/cyq078"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_73_1","unstructured":"Policy OoNA.National HIV\/AIDS Strategy for the United States: Updated to 2020.2015."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2011-050389"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech-2012-201257"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2007.114777"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17450128.2016.1274462"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10810730.2013.768727"}],"container-title":["Journal of the International AIDS Society"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fjia2.25017","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jia2.25017","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]],"date-time":"2023-10-01T12:37:44Z","timestamp":1696163864000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jia2.25017"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]},"references-count":77,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jia2.25017"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jia2.25017","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1758-2652","1758-2652"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1758-2652","type":"print"},{"value":"1758-2652","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2017-03-25","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2017-10-02","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2017-11-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e25017"}}