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The objective of this study was to assess whether people living with HIV on ART<\/jats:styled-content> with comorbid hypertension or diabetes also have improved chronic disease management indicators.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>The Health and Aging in Africa: a longitudinal study of an INDEPTH<\/jats:styled-content> Community in South Africa (HAALSI<\/jats:styled-content>) is a cohort of 5059 adults >40\u00a0years old. Enrollment took place between November 2014 and November 2015. The study collected population\u2010based data on demographics, healthcare utilization, height, weight, blood pressure (BP<\/jats:styled-content>) and blood glucose as well as HIV<\/jats:styled-content> infection, HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101 RNA<\/jats:styled-content> viral load (VL<\/jats:styled-content>) and ART exposure. We used regression models to determine whether HIV<\/jats:styled-content> care cascade stage (HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010negative, HIV<\/jats:styled-content>+ \/No ART<\/jats:styled-content>, ART<\/jats:styled-content>\/Detected HIV VL<\/jats:styled-content>, and ART<\/jats:styled-content>\/Undetectable VL<\/jats:styled-content>) was associated with diagnosis or treatment of hypertension or diabetes, and systolic blood pressure and glucose among those with diagnosed hypertension or diabetes. ART<\/jats:styled-content> use was measured from drug level testing on dried blood spots.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results and discussion<\/jats:title>Compared to people without HIV<\/jats:styled-content>, ART<\/jats:styled-content>\/Undetectable VL<\/jats:styled-content> was associated with greater awareness of hypertension diagnosis (adjusted risk ratio (aRR<\/jats:styled-content>) 1.18, 95% CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 1.09 to 1.28) and treatment of hypertension (aRR<\/jats:styled-content> 1.24, 95% CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 1.10 to 1.41) among those who met hypertension diagnostic criteria. HIV<\/jats:styled-content> care cascade stage was not significantly associated with awareness of diagnosis or treatment of diabetes. Among those with diagnosed hypertension or diabetes, ART<\/jats:styled-content>\/Undetectable VL<\/jats:styled-content> was associated with lower mean systolic blood pressure (5.98\u00a0mm Hg, 95% CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 9.65 to 2.32) and lower mean glucose (3.77\u00a0mmol\/L, 95% CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 6.85 to 0.69), compared to being HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010negative.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions<\/jats:title>Participants on ART<\/jats:styled-content> with an undetectable VL<\/jats:styled-content> had lower systolic blood pressure and blood glucose than the HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010negative participants. HIV<\/jats:styled-content> treatment programmes may provide a platform for health systems strengthening for cardiometabolic disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jia2.25213","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,28]],"date-time":"2019-03-28T00:57:38Z","timestamp":1553734658000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["Hypertension and diabetes control along the HIV<\/scp> care cascade in rural South Africa"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Manne\u2010Goehler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA"},{"name":"Department of Global Health & Population Harvard T.H. 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