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In addition, some\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      s can increase blood\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      concentration and promote progression of disease. This review is designed to investigate the complex relationship between\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      and classical\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      s.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Treatment of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      s with appropriate antibiotics reduces\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      in blood, semen and female genital secretions. However, community\u2010based trials could not reliably reduce the spread of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      by mass treatment of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      s. Introduction of antiretroviral agents for the treatment and prevention of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      has led to renewed interest in the complex relationship between\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      s and\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      . Antiretroviral treatment (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ART<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) reduces the infectiousness of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      and virtually eliminates the transmission of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      in spite of concomitant or acquired\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      s. However, while\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ART<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      interrupts\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      transmission, it does not stop intermittent shedding of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      in genital secretions. Such shedding of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      is increased by\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      s, although the viral copies are not likely replication competent or infectious. Pre\u2010exposure prophylaxis (Pr\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EP<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      with the combination of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate and emtricitabine (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TDF<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      \/\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FTC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) prevents\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      acquisition in spite of concomitant\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      s.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      s remain pandemic, and the availability of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ART<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      may have led to an increase in\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      s, as fear of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      has diminished. Classical\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      s present a huge worldwide health burden that cannot be separated from\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      , and they deserve far more attention than they currently receive.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jia2.25355","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,30]],"date-time":"2019-08-30T03:01:46Z","timestamp":1567134106000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":139,"title":["Sexually transmitted infections and\n                    <scp>HIV<\/scp>\n                    in the era of antiretroviral treatment and prevention: the biologic basis for epidemiologic synergy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Myron 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