{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T00:29:41Z","timestamp":1789086581883,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"S5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,31]],"date-time":"2020-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598832000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Intern AIDS Soc"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Strategies are needed to curb the increasing HIV incidence in young men who have sex with men (YMSM) and transgender women (YTGW) worldwide. We assessed the impact of youth\u2010friendly services (YFS) and a mobile phone application (app) on adherence to pre\u2010exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in YMSM and YTGW in Thailand.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A randomized control trial was conducted in YMSM and YTGW aged 15 to 19\u00a0years. Participants were provided daily oral tenofovir disoproxil fumerate\/emtricitabine (TDF\/FTC), condoms and randomized to receive either YFS or YFS plus a PrEP app (YFS\u00a0+\u00a0APP), whose features included self\u2010assessment of HIV acquisition risk, point rewards and reminders for PrEP and clinic appointments. Clinic visits occurred at zero, one, three and six months and telephone contact at two, four and five months. HIV testing was performed at every clinic visit. PrEP adherence was evaluated with intracellular tenofovir diphosphate (TFV\u2010DP) concentrations in dried blood spot (DBS) samples at months 3 and 6. The primary endpoint assessed was \u201cPrEP adherence\u201d defined as TFV\u2010DP DBS concentrations \u2265700\u00a0fmol\/punch (equivalent to \u22654 doses of TDF\/week).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Between March 2018 and June 2019, 489 adolescents were screened at three centres in Bangkok. Twenty\u2010seven (6%) adolescents tested positive for HIV and 200 (41%) adolescents participated in the study. Of these, 147 were YMSM (74%) and 53 YTGW (26%). At baseline, median age was 18\u00a0years (IQR 17 to 19), 66% reported inconsistent condom use in the past month. Sexually transmitted infection prevalence was 23%. Retention at six months was 73%. In the YFS\u00a0+\u00a0APP arm, median app use duration was three months (IQR 1 to 5). PrEP adherence at month 3 was 51% in YFS and 54% in YFS\u00a0+\u00a0APP (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2010value 0.64) and at month 6 was 44% in YFS and 49% in YFS\u00a0+\u00a0APP (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2010value 0.54). No HIV seroconversions occurred during 75 person years of follow\u2010up.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Youth\u2010friendly PrEP services enabled good adherence among half of adolescent PrEP users. However, the mobile phone application tested did not provide additional PrEP adherence benefit in this randomized trial. Adolescent risk behaviours are dynamic and require adaptive programmes that focus on \u201cprevention\u2010effective adherence.\u201d<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jia2.25564","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]],"date-time":"2020-09-01T06:16:31Z","timestamp":1598940991000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Youth\u2010friendly services and a mobile phone application to promote adherence to pre\u2010exposure prophylaxis among adolescent men who have sex with men and transgender women at\u2010risk for HIV in Thailand: a randomized control trial"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3440-732X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wipaporn Natalie","family":"Songtaweesin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Excellence for Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Vaccines Faculty of Medicine Chulalongkorn University Bangkok Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Surinda","family":"Kawichai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Excellence for Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Vaccines Faculty of Medicine Chulalongkorn University Bangkok Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0036-3165","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nittaya","family":"Phanuphak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of HIV Research and Innovation Bangkok Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tim R","family":"Cressey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PHPT\/IRD UMI 174 Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand"},{"name":"Department of Immunology &amp; Infectious Diseases Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health Boston MA USA"},{"name":"Department of Molecular &amp; Clinical Pharmacology University of Liverpool Liverpool United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prissana","family":"Wongharn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Excellence for Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Vaccines Faculty of Medicine Chulalongkorn University Bangkok Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chutima","family":"Saisaengjan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Excellence for Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Vaccines Faculty of Medicine Chulalongkorn University Bangkok Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tanat","family":"Chinbunchorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of HIV Research and Innovation Bangkok Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Surang","family":"Janyam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Service Workers IN Group Foundation Bangkok Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danai","family":"Linjongrat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rainbow Sky Association Bangkok Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0019-2183","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thanyawee","family":"Puthanakit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Excellence for Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Vaccines Faculty of Medicine Chulalongkorn University Bangkok Thailand"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine Chulalongkorn University Bangkok Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"the CE\u2010PID \u2013 TRC Adolescent Study Team","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2016-052669"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/COH.0000000000000037"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e32835c546e"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-017-1963-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e3181c2fc86"},{"issue":"25","key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","first-page":"518","article-title":"HIV and syphilis infection among men who have sex with men\u2013Bangkok, Thailand, 2005\u20132011","volume":"62","author":"Centers for Disease C, Prevention","year":"2013","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09540121.2018.1492697"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0000000000000933"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/apc.2018.0121"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1521\/aeap.2010.22.2.100"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0153452"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7448\/IAS.18.2.19434"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","unstructured":"Cumulative number of Thai PrEP users: PrEP\u201030 and Princess PrEP estimated number as of December 2018 Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Center. 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