{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T23:46:23Z","timestamp":1789083983789,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":150,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,10]],"date-time":"2021-02-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612915200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":9,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000071","name":"National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NICHD UG3HD096929"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NICHD UG3HD096929"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000071","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J. Intern. AIDS Soc."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Youth engagement in HIV research is generally recognized as essential, but often neglected or minimally implemented in practice. Engagement is a process of working collaboratively with diverse groups of people to address common issues. We conducted a scoping review of youth HIV prevention interventions in sub\u2010Saharan Africa to identify and categorize forms and levels of youth engagement across the lifespan of intervention research.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We followed Arksey and O'Malley's framework for organizing a scoping review. We searched seven databases for related articles on identified intervention studies through May 28\n                      <jats:sup>th<\/jats:sup>\n                      2020. Included studies focused on youth (10 to 24\u00a0years old) HIV prevention interventions in sub\u2010Saharan Africa. Two reviewers independently examined citations and full manuscripts for inclusion. Data were extracted on study characteristics, location, description of youth engagement and extent of engagement. Youth engagement approaches were categorized based on Hart\u2019s ladder as substantial engagement (strong youth decision\u2010making power), moderate engagement (shared decision making with adults), minimal engagement (no youth decision\u2010making power) or no engagement.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We identified 3149 citations and included 112 studies reporting on 74 unique HIV interventions. Twenty\u2010two interventions were in low\u2010income countries, 49 in middle\u2010income countries, and three were in both. Overall, only nine interventions (12%) had substantial or moderate youth engagement, two\u2010thirds (48, 65%) had minimal youth engagement and 17 interventions (23%) had no youth engagement. We also identified specific engagement strategies (e.g. youth\u2010led research, crowdsourcing) that were feasible in multiple settings and resulted in substantial engagement.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We found limited youth engagement in youth HIV prevention intervention studies in sub\u2010Saharan Africa. However, several activities resulted in substantial youth engagement and could be relevant in many low\u2010and\u2010middle\u2010income\u2010country (LMIC) settings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jia2.25666","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,11]],"date-time":"2021-02-11T01:55:21Z","timestamp":1613008521000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Youth engagement in HIV prevention intervention research in sub\u2010Saharan Africa: a scoping review"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0193-1838","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah E","family":"Asuquo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Behavior Gillings School of Global Public Health University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kadija M","family":"Tahlil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Gillings School of Global Public Health University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathryn E","family":"Muessig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Behavior Gillings School of Global Public Health University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donaldson F","family":"Conserve","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior Arnold School of Public Health University of South Carolina Columbia SC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mesoma A","family":"Igbokwe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Sciences Department Nigerian Institute of Medical Research Lagos Nigeria"},{"name":"College of Medicine University of Nigeria Nsukka Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kelechi P","family":"Chima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Sciences Department Nigerian Institute of Medical Research Lagos Nigeria"},{"name":"College of Medicine University of Nigeria Nsukka Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ezienyi C","family":"Nwanunu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Sciences Department Nigerian Institute of Medical Research Lagos Nigeria"},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lana P","family":"Elijah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Sciences Department Nigerian Institute of Medical Research Lagos Nigeria"},{"name":"College of Medicine Lagos State University Lagos Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7546-8749","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Suzanne","family":"Day","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Global Health and Infectious Diseases University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nora E","family":"Rosenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Behavior Gillings School of Global Public Health University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC USA"},{"name":"University of North Carolina Project Malawi Lilongwe Malawi"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5784-7403","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jason J","family":"Ong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine London UK"},{"name":"Central Clinical School Monash University Melbourne Vic. 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