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AIDS Soc."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although weight gain has been reported with the use of integrase strand transfer inhibitors (InSTI), concurrent use of tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) has been implicated in recent studies. This study examined weight changes in people living with HIV (PLWH) who switched from tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) to TAF, to clarify the relative contribution to weight gain of core agents versus TDF to TAF switch.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Antiretroviral\u2010experienced, virologically suppressed PLWH in the U.S. OPERA cohort were included if they switched from TDF to TAF (5NOV2015\u201028FEB2019) and either maintained all other antiretrovirals or switched from a non\u2010InSTI to an InSTI. Linear mixed models were used to assess weight changes before\/after the switch to TAF (restricted cubic splines on time) and rates of change over time (linear splines on time, based on the shape of the weight change curves). Changes in weight on TDF or TAF were assessed among those who maintained other antiretrovirals (overall, by core class), and those who maintained an InSTI or switched to an InSTI (by core agent). All models were adjusted for age, sex, race, (age\u2010sex, race\u2010sex interactions), BMI, CD4 cell count, endocrine disorders and concurrent medications that could affect weight.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 6908 PLWH were included, with 5479 maintaining all other antiretrovirals (boosted protease inhibitor: 746, non\u2010nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor: 1452, InSTI: 3281) and 1429 switching from a non\u2010InSTI to an InSTI (elvitegravir\/cobicistat: 1120, dolutegravir: 174, bictegravir: 129). In adjusted models, modest weight gain was observed over time on TDF for most (0.24 to 0.71\u00a0kg\/year); raltegravir was the exception with weight loss. Switching to TAF was associated with early, pronounced weight gain for all (1.80 to 4.47\u00a0kg\/year). This effect with TAF switch was observed both in PLWH maintaining other antiretrovirals and those switching to an InSTI, regardless of which InSTI agent was used. Weight gain tended to slow down or plateau approximately nine months after switch to TAF.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this large, diverse U.S. cohort of PLWH, switching from TDF to TAF was associated with pronounced weight gain immediately after switch, regardless of the core class or core agent, suggesting an independent effect of TAF on weight gain.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jia2.25702","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,10]],"date-time":"2021-04-10T10:37:10Z","timestamp":1618051030000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":122,"title":["Weight gain before and after switch from TDF to TAF in a U.S. cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4337-6222","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrick WG","family":"Mallon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Experimental Pathogen Host Research School of Medicine University College Dublin Dublin Ireland"},{"name":"St Vincent\u2019s University Hospital Dublin Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8467-4835","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laurence","family":"Brunet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epividian Durham NC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ricky K","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AIDS Healthcare Foundation New York NY USA"},{"name":"NYU Langone Medical Center New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1556-811X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennifer S","family":"Fusco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epividian Durham NC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karam C","family":"Mounzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Philadelphia FIGHT Philadelphia PA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Girish","family":"Prajapati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Merck &amp; Co., Inc Kenilworth NJ USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew P","family":"Beyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Merck &amp; Co., Inc Kenilworth NJ USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael B","family":"Wohlfeiler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AIDS Healthcare Foundation Miami, FL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory P","family":"Fusco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epividian Durham NC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/COH.0000000000000248"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","first-page":"41","article-title":"Tenofovir\u2010associated bone density loss","volume":"6","author":"Grigsby IF","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ther Clin Risk Manag"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)60616-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(15)00348-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3018(16)00024-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000005146"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e328351f68f"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/655681"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1310\/hct1506-231"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1902824"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","unstructured":"HillA VenterF DelaporteE SokhelaS KouanfackC MoorhouseM editors et al.Progressive rises in weight and clinical obesity for TAF\/FTC\/DTG and TDF\/FTC\/DTG versus TDF\/FTC\/EFV: ADVANCE and NAMSAL trials [MOAX0102LB]. 10th IAS Conference on HIV Science; 2019 21\u201024 July 2019; Mexico City."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciz999"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2019.12.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"SchaferJJ SassaK O\u2019ConnorJ ShimadaA KeithS DeSimoneJAJr editors.BMI and ASCVD Risk Score Changes in Virologically Suppressed Patients with HIV Infection Switching from TDF to TAF Containing ART [Abstract 979]. 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