{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T23:56:05Z","timestamp":1793836565255,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"S2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,24]],"date-time":"2021-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624492800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":23,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Int AIDS Soc"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Addressing the intersection between mental health and HIV is critical for the wellbeing of persons living with HIV (PLWH). This systematic review synthesized the literature on mental health interventions for PLWH in low\u2010 and middle\u2010income countries (LMICs) to determine intervention components and explore their relationship with intervention effectiveness.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We included only controlled clinical trials of interventions aiming to improve the mental health of PLWH. We conducted a search in the following databases: PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO and EMBASE for eligible studies describing the evaluation of interventions for mental health problems among PLWH in LMICs published through August 2020. Two reviewers independently screened references in two successive stages of title\/abstract screening and then full\u2010text screening for references meeting title\/abstract criteria.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We identified a total of 30 eligible articles representing 6477 PLWH who were assigned to either the intervention arm (n\u00a0=\u00a03182) or control arm (n\u00a0=\u00a03346). The mental health interventions evaluated were psychological (n\u00a0=\u00a017, 56.67%), pharmacological (n\u00a0=\u00a06, 20.00%), combined psychological and pharmacological (n\u00a0=\u00a01, 3.33%) and complementary\/alternative treatments (n\u00a0=\u00a06, 20.00%). The mental health problems targeted were depression (n\u00a0=\u00a022, 73.33 %), multiple psychological symptoms (n\u00a0=\u00a01, 3.33%), alcohol and substance use problems (n\u00a0=\u00a04, 13.33%), post\u2010traumatic stress disorder (n\u00a0=\u00a01, 3.33%) and HIV\u2010related neuro\u2010cognitive impairment (n\u00a0=\u00a02, 6.67%). Studies of interventions with significant effects had significantly a higher number of active ingredients than those without significant effects [3.41 (2.24) vs. 1.84 (1.46) Mean (SD)] [Mean difference\u00a0=\u00a0\u22121.56, 95% CI\u00a0=\u00a0\u22123.03 to \u22120.09,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.037].\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There continue to be advances in mental health interventions for PLWH with mental illness in LMICs. However, more research is needed to elucidate how intervention components lead to intervention effectiveness. We recommend scale up of culturally appropriate interventions that have been successfully evaluated in low\u2010 and middle\u2010income countries.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jia2.25722","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,24]],"date-time":"2021-06-24T03:03:12Z","timestamp":1624503792000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":60,"title":["Mental health interventions for persons living with HIV in low\u2010 and middle\u2010income countries: a systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6857-8931","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Etheldreda","family":"Nakimuli\u2010Mpungu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry College of Health Sciences Makerere University  Kampala Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3454-0000","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seggane","family":"Musisi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry College of Health Sciences Makerere University  Kampala Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5758-4698","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Colin M","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Duke University Medical Center  Durham NC USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine Duke University Medical Center  Durham NC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6084-5775","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Megan","family":"Von Isenburg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Duke University Medical Center Library Duke University Medical Center  Durham NC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8522-1440","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benedict","family":"Akimana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Butabika National Referral Hospital Ministry of Health  Kampala Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ani","family":"Shakarishvili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Joint United Nations Programme on HIV\/AIDS  Geneva Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean B","family":"Nachega","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of International Health, Bloomberg's School of Public Health Johns Hopkins University  Baltimore MD USA"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health University of Pittsburgh  Pittsburgh PA USA"},{"name":"Stellenbosch Center for Infectious Disease Department of Medicine Stellenbosch University  Stellenbosch South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3120-9694","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edward J","family":"Mills","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Epidemiology &amp; 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