{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T02:18:35Z","timestamp":1791512315690,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"S2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,13]],"date-time":"2023-07-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1689206400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":12,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UM1AI120176"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UM1AI120176"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AI148055"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI148055"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AI149665"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI149665"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Int AIDS Soc."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Recent advances in long\u2010acting antiretroviral therapy (LA\u2010ART) could provide new options for HIV treatment and reduce adherence barriers, if regimens are acceptable to patients. We elicited preferences for key attributes of potential LA\u2010ART regimens among people with HIV (PWH) in the United States, focusing on four treatment modes (oral tablets, subcutaneous injections, intramuscular injections, and implants), product characteristics and location of administration.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A discrete choice experiment was conducted among PWH aged \u226518 years recruited from HIV clinics in Washington State and Atlanta, Georgia from March 2021 to June 2022. Participants responded to 17 choice scenarios, each with three options: two systematically generated hypothetical LA\u2010ART regimens and a constant opt\u2010out (their current daily oral treatment). LA\u2010ART regimen descriptions included treatment mode, pain, dosing frequency, location, pre\u2010treatment time with undetectable viral load, pre\u2010treatment negative reaction testing and \u201clate\u2010dose leeway\u201d (i.e. flexibility or forgiveness in timing the next dose). We used conditional logistic regression, with an interaction between treatment mode and pain, to estimate preference weights for all attribute levels.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Seven hundred participants (350 at each site) enrolled, with median age 51\u00a0years (range 18\u201373); 70% identified as cisgender male, 24% as cisgender female and 6% as non\u2010binary or transgender. LA oral tablets were the only mode preferred over current daily oral treatment, with annual implants and injections the next most preferred LA\u2010ART option. Longer time between doses was preferred, and administration at home was preferred to clinics, which were preferred to pharmacies. Attributes with less impact on preferences included oral lead\u2010in treatment to achieve viral suppression or test for negative reactions and late\u2010dose leeway around the prescribed dosing interval. Participants in Atlanta were more likely to prefer their current daily oral ART than participants from Seattle.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PWH in the United States may soon have several options for LA\u2010ART. Our results suggest that LA oral tablets will be preferred by many patients over their current daily oral treatment, while implants and injections with longer duration may be acceptable to some. Future research should investigate sources of preference heterogeneity and actual uptake of and adherence to LA\u2010ART products, when available.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jia2.26099","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,13]],"date-time":"2023-07-13T03:11:02Z","timestamp":1689217862000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["U.S. patient preferences for long\u2010acting HIV treatment: a discrete choice experiment"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7847-8686","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susan M.","family":"Graham","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Allergy &amp; Infectious Diseases Department of Medicine University of Washington  Seattle Washington USA"},{"name":"Department of Global Health University of Washington  Seattle Washington USA"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology University of Washington  Seattle Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Douglas","family":"Barthold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Comparative Health Outcomes, Policy, and Economics (CHOICE) Institute University of Washington  Seattle Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brett","family":"Hauber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Comparative Health Outcomes, Policy, and Economics (CHOICE) Institute University of Washington  Seattle Washington USA"},{"name":"Pfizer, Inc  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aaron T.","family":"Brah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Allergy &amp; Infectious Diseases Department of Medicine University of Washington  Seattle Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enrique","family":"Saldarriaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Comparative Health Outcomes, Policy, and Economics (CHOICE) Institute University of Washington  Seattle Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ann C.","family":"Collier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Allergy &amp; Infectious Diseases Department of Medicine University of Washington  Seattle Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rodney J. 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