{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]],"date-time":"2026-02-24T12:17:41Z","timestamp":1771935461979,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"S1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,6]],"date-time":"2023-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688601600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000865","name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["INV\u2010010563"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["INV\u2010010563"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000865","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KL2 TR002346"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KL2 TR002346"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K24 AI134413"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K24 AI134413"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Int AIDS Soc."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>Poor client\u2212provider communication is a critical barrier to long\u2010term retention in care among people living with HIV. However, standardized assessments of this key metric are limited in Africa. We used the Roter Interaction Analysis System (RIAS) to quantitatively characterize patterns of person\u2010centred communication (PCC) behaviours in Zambia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>We enrolled pairs of people living with HIV making routine HIV follow\u2010up visit and their providers at 24 Ministry of Health\u2010facilities supported by the Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia in Lusaka province between August 2019 and November 2021. Client\u2212provider encounters were audio\u2010recorded and coded using RIAS by trained research staff. We performed latent class analysis to identify interactions with distinctive patterns of provider PCC behaviours (i.e. rapport building, person\u2010centred counselling, PCC micropractices [e.g. brief empathy statements], assessing barriers to care, shared decision\u2010making and leveraging discretionary power) and compared their distribution across client, provider, interaction and facility characteristics.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>We enrolled 478 people living with HIV and 139 providers (14% nurses, 73.6% clinical officers, 12.3% were medical officers). We identified four distinct profiles: (1) \u201cMedically Oriented Interaction, Minimal PCC Behaviours\u201d (47.6% of interactions) was characterized by medical discussion, minimal psychosocial\/non\u2010medical talk and low use of PCC behaviours; (2) \u201cBalanced Medical\/Non\u2010medical Interaction, Low PCC Behaviours\u201d (21.0%) was characterized by medical and non\u2010medical discussion but limited use of other PCC behaviours; (3) \u201cMedically Oriented Interaction, Good PCC Behaviours\u201d (23.9%) was characterized by medically oriented discussion, more information\u2010giving and increased use of PCC behaviours; and (4) \u201cHighly person\u2010centred Interaction\u201d (7.5%) was characterized by both balanced medical\/non\u2010medical focus and the highest use of PCC behaviours. Nurse interactions were more likely to be characterized by more PCC behaviours (i.e. Class 3 or 4) (44.8%), followed by medical officers (33.9%) and clinical officers (27.3%) (p<\/jats:italic> = 0.031). Longer interactions were also more likely to integrate more PCC behaviours (p<\/jats:italic> < 0.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions<\/jats:title>PCC behaviours are relatively uncommon in HIV care in Zambia, and often limited to brief rapport\u2010building statements and PCC micropractices. Strengthening PCC, such as shared decision\u2010making and leveraging discretionary power to better accommodate client needs and preferences, may be an important strategy for improving the quality in HIV treatment programmes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jia2.26119","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,6]],"date-time":"2023-07-06T07:18:44Z","timestamp":1688627924000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Patterns of person\u2010centred communications in public HIV clinics: a latent class analysis using the Roter interaction analysis system"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5757-6858","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Njekwa","family":"Mukamba","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia Lusaka 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