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Yet, data are lacking on the impact of providing support for youth living with mixed chronic conditions. We assessed the acceptability, feasibility and preliminary mental health impacts of a clinic\u2010based peer support group for South African youth living with chronic illnesses, including HIV.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This mixed\u2010methods pilot study (September 2021\u2013June 2022) enrolled 58 young patients, ages 13\u201324, at an urban hospital in Cape Town, South Africa. In\u2010depth interviews elicited the perspectives of 20 young people in relation to their participation in the\n                      <jats:italic>Better Together<\/jats:italic>\n                      programme, a recurring clinic\u2010based peer support group for patients with mixed chronic illnesses. Self\u2010reported resilience, attitudes towards illness, stigma and mental health were captured via established measures.\n                      <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010tests and multivariate analysis of variance compared psychosocial outcomes for 20 group participants and 38 control patients, controlling for socio\u2010demographic characteristics at enrolment. Logistic regression analyses estimated the predicted probability of a positive depression or anxiety screening given peer group participation.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      All interviewees valued being able to compare treatment regimens and disease management habits with peers living with different conditions. Adolescents living with HIV stated that understanding the hardships faced by those with other conditions helped them accept their own illness and lessened feelings of isolation. Compared to patients who did not participate in\n                      <jats:italic>Better Together<\/jats:italic>\n                      , those who attended \u22655 groups had statistically significantly higher individual\u2010level resilience, a more positive attitude towards their illness(es), lower internalised stigma and a more positive self\u2010concept. The probability of being screened positive for depression was 23.4 percentage points lower (95% CI: 1.5, 45.3) for\n                      <jats:italic>Better Together<\/jats:italic>\n                      participants compared to controls; the probability of a positive anxiety screening was 45.8 percentage points lower (95% CI: 18.1, 73.6).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Recurring, clinic\u2010based peer support groups that integrate youth living with HIV and other chronic diseases are novel. Group sustainability will depend on the commitment of experienced peer leaders and providers, routine scheduling and transportation support. A fully powered randomised trial is needed to test the optimal implementation and causal mental health effects of the\n                      <jats:italic>Better Together<\/jats:italic>\n                      model.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jia2.26148","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]],"date-time":"2023-11-01T04:46:08Z","timestamp":1698813968000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Better Together: acceptability, feasibility and preliminary impact of chronic illness peer support groups for South African adolescents and young adults"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Abigail","family":"Harrison","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"International Health Institute Brown University School of Public Health  Providence Rhode Island USA"},{"name":"School of Public Health and Family Medicine University of Cape Town  Cape Town South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bulelwa","family":"Mtukushe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Psychiatry &amp; Groote Schuur Hospital University of Cape Town  Cape Town South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caroline","family":"Kuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Psychiatry &amp; Groote Schuur Hospital University of Cape Town  Cape Town South Africa"},{"name":"Department of Health Studies American University  Washington DC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9845-7142","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marta","family":"Wilson\u2010Barthes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Health Institute Brown University School of Public Health  Providence Rhode Island USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bianca","family":"Davidson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Psychiatry &amp; Groote Schuur Hospital University of Cape Town  Cape Town South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0438-2539","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rebecca","family":"Sher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Psychiatry &amp; Groote Schuur Hospital University of Cape Town  Cape Town South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9985-9266","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Omar","family":"Gal\u00e1rraga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Health Institute Brown University School of Public Health  Providence Rhode Island USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacqueline","family":"Hoare","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Psychiatry &amp; Groote Schuur Hospital University of Cape Town  Cape Town South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140\u20106736(12)60203\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0000000000000176"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352\u20104642(18)30246\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7448\/IAS.16.1.18603"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nep.13135"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/pr.2014.189"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","article-title":"End\u2010stage renal disease in sub\u2010Saharan Africa","volume":"19","author":"Naicker S","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ethn Dis"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jpepsy\/jsq104"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09540121.2018.1524121"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization.Global Accelerated Action for the Health of Adolescents (AA\u2010HA!): guidance to support country implementation [Internet]. 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