{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:46:44Z","timestamp":1786978004605,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,17]],"date-time":"2024-03-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1710633600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":16,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018735","name":"Fondo de Financiamiento de Centros de Investigaci\u00f3n en \u00c1reas Prioritarias","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ATE220016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ATE220016"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018735","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100015691","name":"Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U01AI069923"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01AI069923"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100015691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Int AIDS Soc."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Immune reconstitution following antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation is crucial to prevent AIDS and non\u2010AIDS\u2010related comorbidities. Patients with suppressed viraemia who fail to restore cellular immunity are exposed to an increased risk of morbidity and mortality during long\u2010term follow\u2010up, although the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. We aim to describe clinical outcomes and factors associated with the worse immune recovery and all\u2010cause mortality in people living with HIV (PLWH) from Latin America following ART initiation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Retrospective cohort study using the CCASAnet database: PLWH \u226518 years of age at ART initiation using a three drug\u2010based combination therapy and with medical follow\u2010up for \u226524 months after ART initiation and undetectable viral load were included. Patients were divided into four immune recovery groups based on rounded quartiles of increase in CD4 T\u2010cell count at 2 years of treatment (&lt;150, [150, 250), [250, 350] and &gt;350 cells\/mm\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      ). Primary outcomes included all\u2010cause mortality, AIDS\u2010defining events and non\u2010communicable diseases that occurred &gt;2 years after ART initiation. Factors associated with an increase in CD4 T\u2010cell count at 2 years of treatment were evaluated using a cumulative probability model with a logit link.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In our cohort of 4496 Latin American PLWH, we found that patients with the lowest CD4 increase (&lt;150) had the lowest survival probability at 10 years of follow\u2010up. Lower increase in CD4 count following therapy initiation (and remarkably not a lower baseline CD4 T\u2010cell count) and older age were risk factors for all\u2010cause mortality. We also found that older age, male sex and higher baseline CD4 T\u2010cell count were associated with lower CD4 count increase following therapy initiation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our study shows that PLWH with lower increases in CD4 count have lower survival probabilities. CD4 increase during follow\u2010up might be a better predictor of mortality in undetectable PLWH than baseline CD4 count. Therefore, it should be included as a routine clinical variable to assess immune recovery and overall survival.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jia2.26214","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,18]],"date-time":"2024-03-18T01:14:02Z","timestamp":1710724442000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Clinical outcomes and risk factors for immune recovery and all\u2010cause mortality in Latin Americans living with HIV with virological success: a retrospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Gabriel","family":"Castillo\u2010Rozas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Virology Institute of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Medicine University of Chile  Santiago Chile"},{"name":"HIV\/AIDS Workgroup, Faculty of Medicine University of Chile  Santiago Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shengxin","family":"Tu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics Vanderbilt University Medical Center  Nashville Tennessee USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9746-719X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paula Mendes","family":"Luz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases Oswaldo Cruz Foundation  Rio de Janeiro Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8429-8833","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fernando","family":"Mejia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Medicina Tropical Alexander von Humboldt Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia  Lima Per\u00fa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1177-5843","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan","family":"Sierra\u2010Madero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas y Nutrici\u00f3n Salvador Zubir\u00e1n  Ciudad de M\u00e9xico M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9672-9474","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vanessa","family":"Rouzier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Groupe Haitien d'Etudes du Sarcome de Kaposi et des Infections Opportunistes  Port\u2010au\u2010Prince Haiti"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3758-5992","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bryan E.","family":"Shepherd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics Vanderbilt University Medical Center  Nashville Tennessee USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9101-9783","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudia P.","family":"Cortes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HIV\/AIDS Workgroup, Faculty of Medicine University of Chile  Santiago Chile"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of Medicine University of Chile  Santiago Chile"},{"name":"Hospital Cl\u00ednico San Borja Arriar\u00e1n &amp; Fundaci\u00f3n Arriar\u00e1n  Santiago Chile"},{"name":"Millenium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy  Santiago Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","unstructured":"UNAIDS.Global HIV Statistics. 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