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Increasing knowledge about HIV transmission, prevention and treatment is a critical component of care efforts. The study assessed knowledge of HIV transmission and prevention strategies, and the perceived accuracy of the slogan U = U among sexual and gender minorities (SGM) in Brazil.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cross\u2010sectional web\u2010based survey targeting adult SGM living in Brazil (2021\u22122022) recruited on social media and dating apps. We used the 12\u2010item HIV Knowledge Assessment (HIV\u2010KA) questionnaire to assess HIV knowledge, three items of which address pre\u2010exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), post\u2010exposure prophylaxis and TasP. Perceived accuracy of the U\u00a0=\u00a0U slogan was assessed with the question: \u201cWith regards to HIV\u2010positive individuals transmitting HIV through sexual contact, how accurate do you believe the slogan U\u00a0=\u00a0U is?\u201d. We <jats:italic>a priori<\/jats:italic> grouped the study population into three mutually exclusive groups: people living with HIV (PLHIV), HIV negative and HIV unknown. We used logistic regression models to assess factors associated with high HIV knowledge and perception of the U\u00a0=\u00a0U as completely accurate.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of 50,222 individuals accessing the questionnaire, 23,981 were included: 5071 (21.0%) PLHIV, 17,257 (71.5%) HIV negative and 1653 (6.9%) HIV unknown. The proportion of participants with high knowledge was significantly higher for PLHIV and HIV negative (48.1% and 45.5%, respectively) compared to 26.1% of HIV unknown. More PLHIV perceived U\u00a0=\u00a0U as completely accurate (80.4%), compared to 60.0% of HIV negative and 42.9% of HIV unknown. HIV knowledge correlates with perceived accuracy of the U\u00a0=\u00a0U slogan across all groups. Higher HIV knowledge was associated with higher income and education regardless of HIV status. Among HIV\u2010negative participants, PrEP awareness and use were associated with higher knowledge and accurate perception of the U\u00a0=\u00a0U slogan.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our findings show that HIV knowledge and perceived accuracy of U\u00a0=\u00a0U are strongly correlated, that knowledge differs according to HIV status, and that poor socio\u2010economic is linked to poor knowledge among SGM from Brazil. Educational strategies regarding TasP, U\u00a0=\u00a0U and zero risk targeting socio\u2010economically vulnerable populations are urgent in Brazil.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jia2.26220","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,21]],"date-time":"2024-02-21T05:14:57Z","timestamp":1708492497000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Knowledge of HIV transmission, prevention strategies and U\u00a0=\u00a0U among adult sexual and gender minorities in Brazil"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Kayser Rogerio Oliveira","family":"Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Escola Nacional de Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica Sergio Arouca, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz  Rio de Janeiro Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rayane Cupolillo","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escola Nacional de Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica Sergio Arouca, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz  Rio de Janeiro Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7154-8151","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lara E.","family":"Coelho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz  Rio de Janeiro Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valdilea G.","family":"Veloso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz  Rio de Janeiro Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3692-5155","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beatriz","family":"Grinsztejn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz  Rio de Janeiro Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2557-601X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thiago S.","family":"Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz  Rio de Janeiro Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9746-719X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paula M.","family":"Luz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz  Rio de Janeiro Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1105243"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)30418-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.5148"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3018(18)30132-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(23)00877-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jia2.25455"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.21167"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","unstructured":"WHO.The role of HIV viral suppression in improving individual health and reducing transmission: policy brief.World Health Organization;2023. 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