{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T13:19:15Z","timestamp":1787318355330,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,9]],"date-time":"2024-07-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1720483200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":8,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Int AIDS Soc."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Chemsex, the use of psychotropic drugs before or during sexual intercourse, is associated with various HIV risk factors, including condomless sex and reduced adherence to pre\u2010exposure prophylaxis or antiretroviral therapy (ART). In the Philippines, there are still limited studies exploring the associations between chemsex, HIV status and ART adherence. This study aims to compare recent and lifetime chemsex engagement in association with self\u2010reported HIV status among Filipino men who have sex with men (MSM). We further explored the association between chemsex and ART adherence among people living with HIV engaged in chemsex.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A cross\u2010sectional online survey of 479 Filipino MSM was conducted from 3 August to 1 December 2019. Demographic profiles, sexual behaviours, drug use, history of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), chemsex engagement and HIV status were collected and analysed. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression were employed to assess the association between self\u2010reported HIV status and chemsex engagement.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among the 479 respondents, Filipino MSM engaged in drug use and chemsex were generally older compared to those not engaged in drug use and chemsex (average age 31\u221233 vs. 29 years old;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.05). Methamphetamine was the most common drug for people who reported using drugs. An HIV\u2010positive status was associated with recent chemsex engagement (aOR = 5.18,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.05) and a history of STIs (aOR = 2.09,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.05). The subgroup analysis showed that 79% (166\/200) of persons living with HIV were adherent to ART. There was no significant association found between chemsex and ART adherence in the logistic regression analyses.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Chemsex behaviour, particularly recent chemsex engagement, is significantly associated with self\u2010reported HIV status. The emerging data on MSM engaged in chemsex require integration of a more person\u2010centred, comprehensive and robust harm reduction programmes into the existing combination prevention strategies in the country. Health education for Filipino MSM engaged in chemsex should prioritize raising awareness about methamphetamine effects and overdose risks, alongside proper medical management.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jia2.26323","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,10]],"date-time":"2024-07-10T00:10:03Z","timestamp":1720570203000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["ChemsexPH: The association between chemsex, HIV status and adherence to antiretroviral therapy among men who have sex with men in the Philippines"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0249-8706","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rodenie Arnaiz","family":"Olete","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University  Tainan Taiwan"},{"name":"Sustained Health Initiatives of the Philippines  Mandaluyong City Philippines"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2934-5382","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carol","family":"Strong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University  Tainan Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0338-1825","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katerina","family":"Leyritana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sustained Health Initiatives of the Philippines  Mandaluyong City Philippines"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5299-8835","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adam","family":"Bourne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Australia Research Centre in Sex Health and Society La Trobe University  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Kirby Institute UNSW Sydney  Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3007-2537","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nai\u2010Ying Monica","family":"Ko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University  Tainan Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Nursing, College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University  Tainan Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","unstructured":"The Joint United Nations Programme on HIV\/AIDS.UNAIDS DATA 2019 [Fact sheet].2019. Available from:https:\/\/www.unaids.org\/sites\/default\/files\/media_asset\/2019\u2010UNAIDS\u2010data_en.pdfAccessed 25 Apr 2024."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11538\u2010023\u201001156\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","unstructured":"Department of Health \u2013 Epidemiology Bureau.HIV\/AIDS & ART Registry of the Philippines: October\u2014December 2019 [Fact sheet].2019. Available from:http:\/\/www.ship.ph\/wp\u2010content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/EB_HARP_OctDec_AIDSreg2019.pdfAccessed 21 Jan 2024."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","unstructured":"Public Health England (PHE).Substance misuse services for men who have sex with men involved in chemsex.2015. Available from:https:\/\/assets.publishing.service.gov.uk\/media\/5a74bf61e5274a3f93b487db\/Substance_misuse_services_for_men_who_have_sex_with_men_involved_in_chemsex.pdfAccessed 15 Jan 2024."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2015.07.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2020.102703"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13691058.2023.2192256"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0269977"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0216732"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci13020174"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0000000000000753"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1363460720986924"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2018.11.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0245925"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20010294"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0000000000001781"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40121\u2010022\u201000733\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2019.03.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2018.01.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889\u2010021\u201011056\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jia2.26054"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352\u20103018(22)00124\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00224499.2023.2197426"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1071\/SH20028"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2016.06.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2018.10.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879\u2010018\u20103360\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2022.109741"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461\u2010011\u20109942\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118548387"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/17894"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10508-019-01488-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-009-9590-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1071\/SH11081"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0956462420913444"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_37_1","unstructured":"Department of Health (DOH) Health Technology Assessment Council (HTAC).Guidance: oral PrEP for inclusion in the Philippine National Formulary (PNF).2022."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_38_1","unstructured":"Philippine National AIDS Council.7th AIDS Medium Term Plan 2023\u20132028 Philippines: Fast Tracking towards 2030. Metro Manila Philippines: Philippine National AIDS Council:2023; Press Release. Available at:https:\/\/doh.gov.ph\/press\u2010release\/DOH\u2010LAUNCHES\u20107TH\u2010AIDS\u2010MEDIUM\u2010TERM\u2010PLAN\u2010EMPHASIZES\u2010EQUALITY\u2010TO\u2010ADDRESS\u2010HIVAccessed 22 Jan 2024."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_39_1","unstructured":"Department of Health (DOH).Interim guidelines on pre\u2010exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for the prevention of HIV infection in the Philippines.2021."}],"container-title":["Journal of the International AIDS Society"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jia2.26323","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,29]],"date-time":"2024-07-29T21:28:57Z","timestamp":1722288537000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jia2.26323"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jia2.26323"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jia2.26323","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1758-2652","1758-2652"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1758-2652","type":"print"},{"value":"1758-2652","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-01-09","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-06-10","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-07-09","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e26323"}}