{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T22:24:23Z","timestamp":1783117463038,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,28]],"date-time":"2025-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738022400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,28]],"date-time":"2025-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738022400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Int AIDS Soc."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Molecular surveillance is an important tool for detecting chains of transmission and controlling the HIV epidemic. This can also improve our knowledge of molecular and epidemiological factors for the optimization of prevention. Our objective was to illustrate this by studying the molecular and epidemiological evolution of the cluster including the new circulating recombinant form (CRF) 94_cpx of HIV\u20101, detected in 2017 and targeted by preventive actions in 2018.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In June 2022, 32 HIV\u20101 sequence databases from French laboratories were screened to identify all individuals who had acquired CRF94_cpx or a similar strain, whatever the date of diagnosis. Phylogenetic analyses were performed with the sequences identified, and biological parameters were collected at the time of diagnosis and after the start of treatment to analyse the evolution of the cluster. Full genomes were sequenced to characterize the new strains.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We analysed 98 HIV\u20101 isolates: 63 were CRF94, three were unclassifiable, and the other 32 formed a new cluster containing a new recombinant, CRF132_94B, derived from CRF94 and a subtype B strain. At least 95% of the individuals in both the CRF94 and CRF132 clusters were men who have sex with men (MSM), most of whom had acquired HIV less than 12 months before diagnosis. The number of CRF94 diagnoses declined drastically after 2018, but CRF132 strains spread widely between 2020 and 2022, into a different area of Ile\u2010de\u2010France region and within a younger population nevertheless aware of pre\u2010exposure prophylaxis. Higher viraemia, lower CD4 cell counts and delayed treatment efficacy suggested that CRF94 was more virulent than CRF132, possibly due to the F subtype fragment of the\n                      <jats:italic>vif<\/jats:italic>\n                      gene.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings highlight the role of the MSM transmission cluster in spreading HIV and new variants. They show also the benefits of cluster surveillance for improving the targeting of preventive interventions, detecting the emergence of new strains and enriching our knowledge on virulence mechanisms. However, these investigations require support with sufficient resources dedicated to a regional or national programme to be responsive and effective.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jia2.26416","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,28]],"date-time":"2025-01-28T23:05:25Z","timestamp":1738105525000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Benefits of HIV\u20101 transmission cluster surveillance: a French retrospective observational study of the molecular and epidemiological co\u2010evolution of recent circulating recombinant forms 94 and 132"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-3723-4142","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marc","family":"Wirden","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epid\u00e9miologie et de Sant\u00e9 Publique IPLESP, AP\u2010HP H\u00f4pital Piti\u00e9 Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re, Laboratoire de virologie  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabienne","family":"Tombette","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Univ Rouen Normandie, UNICAEN, INSERM, DYNAMICURE UMR 1311, CHU de Rouen, Service de virologie Centre National de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence VIH  Rouen France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sidonie","family":"Lambert\u2010Niclot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AP\u2010HP, H\u00f4pital Saint\u2010Antoine Service de Virologie  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie\u2010Laure","family":"Chaix","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AP\u2010HP, H\u00f4pital Saint\u2010Louis Service de Virologie, INSERM U944  Paris 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INSERM, DYNAMICURE UMR 1311, CHU de Rouen, Service de virologie Centre National de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence VIH  Rouen France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincent","family":"Calvez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epid\u00e9miologie et de Sant\u00e9 Publique IPLESP, AP\u2010HP H\u00f4pital Piti\u00e9 Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re, Laboratoire de virologie  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diane","family":"Descamps","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AP\u2010HP, H\u00f4pital Bichat Claude Bernard Service de Virologie, INSERM, IAME  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne\u2010Genevieve","family":"Marcelin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epid\u00e9miologie et de Sant\u00e9 Publique IPLESP, AP\u2010HP H\u00f4pital 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