{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T00:58:10Z","timestamp":1778201890403,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,19]],"date-time":"2025-05-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747612800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":18,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005564","name":"Gilead Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IN\u2010US\u2010412\u20105796"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IN\u2010US\u2010412\u20105796"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005564","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Int AIDS Soc."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Concerns regarding potential drug\u2212drug interaction (DDI) between feminizing hormone therapy (FHT) and HIV pre\u2010exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) may hinder PrEP use among transgender women. We assessed the potential DDI between FHT and emtricitabine\u2010tenofovir alafenamide (F\/TAF)\u2010based PrEP among transgender women.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Transgender women without HIV who never underwent orchiectomy were enrolled between January and February 2022. Oral FHT (oestradiol valerate 2 mg and cyproterone acetate 25 mg) was initiated at baseline and continued until week 9, while oral PrEP (F\/TAF 200\/25 mg) was initiated at week 3 and continued until week 12. Intensive blood sampling was performed at weeks 3 and 9 to assess the impact of PrEP on FHT; and weeks 9 and 12 to assess the impact of FHT on PrEP. Pharmacokinetics (PKs) of plasma oestradiol (E2), TAF, tenofovir (TFV) and emtricitabine (FTC); urine TFV and FTC; and tenofovir\u2010diphosphate (TFV\u2010DP) and emtricitabine\u2010triphosphate (FTC\u2010TP) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and rectal tissues were assessed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Eighteen participants completed all PK visits. No significant differences in PK parameters for plasma E2, TAF and TFV were observed with FHT and F\/TAF administration. The geometric mean of FTC AUC<jats:sub>0\u221224<\/jats:sub> at week 9 was 9% lower than at week 12, but the 90% CI (0.88\u22120.95) remained within the 80\u2013125% range. There were no significant differences in PBMCs and rectal tissues TFV\u2010DP and FTC\u2010TP concentrations when F\/TAF was administered with FHT.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>No bidirectional clinically significant DDI between FHT and F\/TAF\u2010based PrEP was observed across systemic and local tissue anatomical compartments, supporting the use of oral F\/TAF\u2010based PrEP among transgender women.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Clinical Trial Number<\/jats:title><jats:p>NCT04590417<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jia2.26502","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,20]],"date-time":"2025-05-20T10:23:04Z","timestamp":1747736584000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["No significant drug\u2212drug interaction between oral TAF\u2010based PrEP and feminizing hormone therapy among transgender women in Thailand: the iFACT\u20103 study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1906-8171","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Akarin","family":"Hiransuthikul","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of HIV Research and Innovation (IHRI)  Bangkok Thailand"},{"name":"Department of Preventive and Social Medicine Faculty of Medicine Chulalongkorn University  Bangkok Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Narukjaporn","family":"Thammajaruk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of HIV Research and Innovation (IHRI)  Bangkok Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen","family":"Kerr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biostatistics Excellence Centre, Faculty of Medicine Chulalongkorn University  Bangkok Thailand"},{"name":"HIV\u2010NAT, Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre  Bangkok Thailand"},{"name":"The Kirby Institute University of New South Wales  Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8054-482X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rena","family":"Janamnuaysook","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of HIV Research and Innovation (IHRI)  Bangkok Thailand"},{"name":"Center of Excellence in Transgender Health (CETH) Faculty of Medicine Chulalongkorn University  Bangkok Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Siriporn","family":"Nonenoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of HIV Research and Innovation (IHRI)  Bangkok Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Piranun","family":"Hongchookiat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of HIV Research and Innovation (IHRI)  Bangkok 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