{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,7]],"date-time":"2026-03-07T04:36:15Z","timestamp":1772858175686,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,10]],"date-time":"2025-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754784000000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":9,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,10]],"date-time":"2025-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754784000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":9,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100003896","name":"Henry M. Jackson Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100003896","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000005","name":"U.S. Department of Defense","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000005","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Int AIDS Soc."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Introduction<\/jats:title>\n Cases of spontaneous control of HIV\u20101 can help define strategies to induce remission. Since the identification of viral control in the absence of treatment typically occurs after a prolonged period post\u2010HIV\u20101 diagnosis, our knowledge of the early events after HIV\u20101 acquisition that led to viral control is limited.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n The RV217 prospective cohort enrolled 2276 participants in East Africa (Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania) and Thailand between 2009 and 2015. We analysed HIV\u20101 sequences and clinical data from 102 individuals who were diagnosed with acute HIV\u20101 infection and had a negative HIV\u20101 RNA test in the week before. We focused on 69 participants with longitudinal follow\u2010up and identified viraemic controllers who maintained viral loads <2000 copies\/ml for over a year without treatment. We evaluated viral genetic and clinical features that are associated with viral control.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Eleven women from East Africa showed control of viral replication for an average duration of 891 (range: 405\u20131425) days within an average of 130 days from diagnosis. The majority were living with subtype A1 (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n = 6), or A1 recombinant strains (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n = 4), with one living with subtype D; 10 were from Kenya, one from Uganda. Controllers had significantly slower CD4+ T cell\u00a0decline (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.028) and higher Natural Killer (NK) cell counts (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.047) than non\u2010controllers, but none carried human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles previously reported to be associated with viral control. Peak viraemia was recorded at an average of 541 million copies\/ml with no difference between controllers and non\u2010controllers (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.97). Viral loads became lower in controllers (3459 copies\/ml) than in non\u2010controllers (23,157 copies\/ml) as early as nadir viraemia (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.009), with a more significant difference observed at set point (1069 vs. 24,084 copies\/ml, respectively;\n p<\/jats:italic>\n <0.0001).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n Our findings confirm the role of HIV\u20101 subtype A1 in mediating viral control. The fact that controllers showed high viral loads in acute infection indicates that these viruses were not intrinsically impaired for replication, underlining the intersection between host immunity and favourable genotypes in the subsequent control of HIV\u20101. These data suggest that conducting HIV\u20101 remission studies in East Africa could provide favourable conditions to achieve durable post\u2010treatment control of viraemia.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jia2.70016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,10]],"date-time":"2025-08-10T07:24:39Z","timestamp":1754810679000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["High peak viraemia followed by spontaneous HIV\u20101 control in women living with HIV\u20101 subtype A1 in East Africa"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Yifan","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"U.S. Military HIV Research Program, CIDR, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research Silver Spring Maryland USA"},{"name":"Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine Bethesda Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bethany L.","family":"Dearlove","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.S. Military HIV Research Program, CIDR, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research Silver Spring Maryland USA"},{"name":"Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine Bethesda Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Lewitus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.S. Military HIV Research Program, CIDR, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research Silver Spring Maryland USA"},{"name":"Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine Bethesda Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hongjun","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.S. Military HIV Research Program, CIDR, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research Silver Spring Maryland USA"},{"name":"Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine Bethesda Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4471-5318","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shida","family":"Shangguan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.S. Military HIV Research Program, CIDR, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research Silver Spring Maryland USA"},{"name":"Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine Bethesda Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Phuc","family":"Pham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.S. Military HIV Research Program, CIDR, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research Silver Spring Maryland USA"},{"name":"Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine Bethesda Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meera","family":"Bose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.S. Military HIV Research Program, CIDR, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research Silver Spring Maryland USA"},{"name":"Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine Bethesda Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Sanders\u2010Buell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.S. Military HIV Research Program, CIDR, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research Silver Spring Maryland USA"},{"name":"Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine Bethesda Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shana Howell","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.S. Military HIV Research Program, CIDR, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research Silver Spring Maryland USA"},{"name":"Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine Bethesda Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-7883-9336","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yvonne","family":"Rosario","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.S. Military HIV Research Program, CIDR, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research Silver Spring Maryland USA"},{"name":"Henry M. 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Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine Bethesda Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sorachai","family":"Nitayaphan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences Bangkok Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lucas","family":"Maganga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Medical Research\u2010Mbeya Medical Research Center Mbeya Tanzania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hannah","family":"Kibuuka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Makerere University Walter Reed Project Kampala Uganda"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fredrick K.","family":"Sawe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kenya Medical Research Institute\/U.S. Army Medical Research Directorate\u2010Africa\/Kenya\u2010Henry Jackson Foundation MRI Kericho Kenya"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Merlin L.","family":"Robb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.S. Military HIV Research Program, CIDR, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research Silver Spring Maryland USA"},{"name":"Henry M. 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