{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T22:07:46Z","timestamp":1784585266527,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]],"date-time":"2026-02-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770595200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":8,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000865","name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["INV\u2010076475"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["INV\u2010076475"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000865","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Int AIDS Soc."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Introduction<\/jats:title>\n \n Many countries with high HIV burden have made substantial progress towards UNAIDS 95\u201095\u201095 targets and ending AIDS, but gaps in some sub\u2010populations hinder overall achievement, even as programmes face potentially diminished resources. While certain broad groups defined by age, sex or large geographic regions are commonly labelled as \u201chigh\u2010risk\u201d for being out of care, most individuals within these groups are in care and virally suppressed. Characteristics beyond age and sex (e.g. behavioural, socio\u2010economic, smaller geographic areas) may differentiate those requiring targeted intervention strategies. Our\n Closing The Gap<\/jats:italic>\n project aims to characterize unreached and disengaged sub\u2010populations for targeted HIV interventions across Mozambique, South Africa and Zimbabwe, countries selected for their varied target achievement and diverse populations. We discuss overarching themes from the first\n Closing The Gap<\/jats:italic>\n workshop, convening government stakeholders, implementers, researchers and community representatives in February 2025.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Discussion<\/jats:title>\n Key themes emerged from the workshop: (1) the importance of considering absolute sub\u2010population size, alongside percentages, when assessing service gaps; (2) limitations of existing data and analytic paradigms beyond age\u2010and\u2010sex categories, highlighting the need for richer, contextual data linked to care cascade outcomes (e.g. clinical markers, mobility, socio\u2010economic circumstances) and analyses incorporating additional factors for identifying more granular sub\u2010populations; (3) need to identify individuals who do not require differentiated care to better prioritize resources to those not served by existing models; and (4) in the context of decreasing funding, the need to balance the cost and complexity of differentiated interventions with the feasibility and cost\u2010effectiveness of standardized approaches, including self\u2010selection strategies.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n It is critically important to generate more efficient strategies to close HIV care cascade gaps and sustain positive progress amidst potentially reduced future resources towards HIV. This may need a paradigm shift in service differentiation that specifically identifies sub\u2010populations most\u2010at\u2010risk of suboptimal outcomes, beyond age\/sex categories, while efficiently balancing sub\u2010population size and proportionate risk. Data\u2010driven prioritization of cost\u2010effective interventions targeting the unreached and underserved is essential for sustaining progress in the evolving HIV response.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jia2.70080","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T05:36:35Z","timestamp":1770701795000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Age, sex\u2014and what else? Rethinking priorities to close gaps in the HIV care cascade"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2354-4580","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lise","family":"Jamieson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Economics and Epidemiology Research Office, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg South Africa"},{"name":"South African Centre for Epidemiological Modelling and Analysis (SACEMA) Stellenbosch University Stellenbosch South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6560-2964","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sydney","family":"Rosen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Economics and Epidemiology Research Office, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg South Africa"},{"name":"Department of Global Health Boston University School of Public Health Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0439-381X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gesine","family":"Meyer\u2010Rath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Economics and Epidemiology Research Office, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg South Africa"},{"name":"South African Centre for Epidemiological Modelling and Analysis (SACEMA) Stellenbosch University Stellenbosch South Africa"},{"name":"Department of Global Health Boston University School of Public Health Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8054-0116","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Idah","family":"Mokhele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Economics and Epidemiology Research Office, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8842-155X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nozipho","family":"Musakwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Economics and Epidemiology Research Office, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7728-728X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeffrey W.","family":"Imai\u2010Eaton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Communicable Disease Dynamics Department of Epidemiology Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis School of Public Health, Imperial College London London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4593-6860","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Domonique M.","family":"Reed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Communicable Disease Dynamics Department of Epidemiology Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9881-0914","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tsitsi","family":"Apollo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HIV\/AIDS and TB Department Ministry of Health and Child Care Harare Zimbabwe"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2531-6402","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dorlim Moiana","family":"Uetela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Sa\u00fade Marracuene Mozambique"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5657-9072","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Shodell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Health, Gates Foundation Seattle Washington 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