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We assessed the global epidemiology of gonorrhoea and MenB invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) and reviewed national MenB\u2010OMV vaccination policies to inform potential use of these vaccines.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We included country\u2010specific epidemiologic data from 2015 through October 2025. Gonorrhoea prevalence data for general populations of women were extracted from published systematic reviews and case reports taken from well\u2010established reporting systems. Country\u2010specific MenB IMD incidence rates were drawn from published reviews and surveillance reports. National MenB\u2010OMV immunization policies were obtained from published reviews and databases from the World Health Organization\u00a0and vaccine manufacturers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Forty\u2010two countries had \u22651 gonorrhoea prevalence study. Mean prevalence was &lt;1.0% in 19 (45%) countries, 1.0%\u22122.49% in 10 (24%), 2.5%\u22124.99% in 10 (24%) and \u22655% in three (7%), with higher prevalences mostly in the WHO African Region. MenB IMD incidence was reported in 62 countries: 17 (27%), mainly in the WHO African Region, had no cases; 28 (45%) had incidence &lt;0.25\/100,000; 14 (23%) had incidence 0.25\u22120.49\/100,000; and only three had incidence \u22650.5\/100,000 annually. Only 15 countries had data for both conditions. Case\u2010report data showed gonorrhoea incidence peaking at ages 20\u201324 and being substantially higher among men who have sex with men (MSM). MenB IMD incidence was highest among children &lt;4 years, with a second peak among 15\u2010 to 24\u2010year\u2010olds in some countries. Twenty\u2010one countries incorporated MenB\u2010OMV vaccines into infant immunization programmes and seven into adolescent programmes. One country had a targeted MenB\u2010OMV vaccination programme (MSM at high\u2010risk) for gonorrhoea prevention.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Epidemiologic data were lacking in many countries; only a handful had a substantial burden of both gonorrhoea and MenB IMD. Low\u2010 and middle\u2010income countries with high gonorrhoea prevalence typically reported no MenB IMD or lacked data, whereas high\u2010income countries with higher MenB IMD incidence and MenB\u2010OMV vaccine use had low gonorrhoea prevalence but high rates in subpopulations like MSM.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>If trials confirm MenB\u2010OMV vaccine cross\u2010protection against gonorrhoea, global epidemiology can help identify settings and populations for potential vaccine use against gonococcal infection alone, or for both conditions. Improved data collection and cost\u2010effectiveness analyses across both conditions can further inform decision\u2010making.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jia2.70155","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T05:34:58Z","timestamp":1784957698000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Potential Use of\n                    <i>Neisseria meningitidis<\/i>\n                    Serogroup B Vaccines to Prevent\n                    <i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae<\/i>\n                    Infection: Epidemiological Considerations"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4398-3441","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sami L.","family":"Gottlieb","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"World Health Organization  Geneva 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