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At present, bone marrow transplantation (BMT) at an early stage of the disease is the only effective treatment for halting disease progression, but the underlying mechanism of the treatment has remained unclear. Here, we transplanted GFP\u2010expressing wild\u2010type (WT) or <jats:italic>Abcd1<\/jats:italic>\u2010deficient (KO) bone marrow cells into recipient KO mice, which enabled tracking of the donor GFP<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> cells in the recipient mice. Both the WT and KO donor cells were equally distributed throughout the brain parenchyma, and displayed an Iba1\u2010positive, GFAP\u2010 and Olig2\u2010negative phenotype, indicating that most of the donor cells were engrafted as microglia\u2010like cells. They constituted approximately 40% of the Iba1\u2010positive cells. Unexpectedly, no decrease of VLCFA in the cerebrum was observed when WT bone marrow cells were transplanted into KO mice. Taken together, murine study suggests that bone marrow\u2010derived microglia\u2010like cells engrafted in the cerebrum of X\u2010ALD patients suppress disease progression without evidently reducing the amount of VLCFA in the cerebrum.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jimd.12346","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,18]],"date-time":"2020-12-18T11:49:05Z","timestamp":1608292145000},"page":"718-727","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Bone marrow transplantation into <i>Abcd1<\/i>\u2010deficient mice: Distribution of donor derived\u2010cells and biological characterization of the brain of the recipient mice"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"44","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2333-2190","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masashi","family":"Morita","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical 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