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Disease models ranging from complex animal models to simple in\u00a0vitro systems have provided insights into IMDs, but each has limitations. Organoids, three\u2010dimensional in\u00a0vitro models, bridge this gap by replicating key metabolic functions that are absent in most simple 2D cell models. While organoids do not fully mimic organ complexity, they effectively model disease\u2010specific metabolic defects, as seen in methylmalonic acidemia, Wilson's disease, and cystic fibrosis. Recognizing that function is more critical than organ resemblance, we propose focusing on the specific function of interest rather than selecting a model solely based on its derivation from the most affected organ. Focusing on specific biological processes enables precise, disease\u2010relevant studies that drive novel therapeutic strategies and personalized medicine.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jimd.70164","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T15:34:08Z","timestamp":1773156848000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Organoids for Metabolic Disease Modeling"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Arif Ibrahim","family":"Ardisasmita","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Metabolic Diseases Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht  Utrecht the Netherlands"},{"name":"Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht  Utrecht the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edward Eelco Salomon","family":"Nieuwenhuis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Metabolic 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