{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]],"date-time":"2026-04-24T19:13:03Z","timestamp":1777057983198,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,9]],"date-time":"2019-04-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1554768000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,9]],"date-time":"2019-04-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1554768000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,9]],"date-time":"2019-04-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1554768000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) persistently infects most of the adult population with periods of productive and latent infection differentially orchestrated by multiple HCMV-encoded gene products. One HCMV gene (UL111a) encodes cmvIL-10, a virokine homologous to human IL (hIL)-10. Although the effects of cmvIL-10 on most human lymphocyte subsets have been extensively studied, its impact on NK cell function was unreported prior to this study. We investigated effects of short-term cmvIL-10 exposure on human NK cells and found it substantially enhanced NK cell cytotoxicity through natural cytotoxicity receptors NKp30 and NKp46 as well as through C-type lectin-like receptors NKG2C and NKG2D. Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity triggered through CD16 also increased significantly with short-term cmvIL-10 exposure. These effects of cmvIL-10 on NK cell cytotoxicity were rapid, dose dependent, neutralized by polyclonal anti-cmvIL-10 or monoclonal anti-IL-10 receptor (IL-10R) antibodies and independent of increased perforin synthesis or up-regulation of activating receptors. A low percentage (0.5\u20135.4%; n = 12) of NK cells expressed IL-10R and the impact of cmvIL-10 on NK cells degranulation following CD16 stimulation directly correlated with this percentage (P = 0.0218). Short-term exposure of human NK cells to cmvIL-10 did not introduce phenotypic changes reminiscent of NK adaptation to HCMV infection in vivo. Determining how expression of a viral protein that activates NK cells contributes to their function in vivo will increase understanding of HCMV infection and NK cell biology.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jlb.2ab0418-158rr","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,9]],"date-time":"2019-04-09T17:12:54Z","timestamp":1554829974000},"page":"447-454","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Human cytomegalovirus IL-10 augments NK cell cytotoxicity"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"106","author":[{"given":"Kayla A","family":"Holder","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology and Infectious Diseases Program, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador , Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0377-2036","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael D","family":"Grant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology and Infectious Diseases Program, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador , Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023032406364934300_jlb10391-cit-0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.54.2.84","article-title":"Investigation of CMV disease in immunocompromised patients","volume":"54","author":"Emery","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"2023032406364934300_jlb10391-cit-0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1038\/319675a0","article-title":"Selective rejection of H-2-deficient lymphoma variants suggests alternative immune defence 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