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As a therapeutic strategy, the administration of recombinant AMPs could be limited by enzymatic degradation and high production costs. Likewise, strategies based on the induction of AMPs have generated controversial results. In this study, 2 recombinant type-5 adenoviruses (Ad) expressing the human \u03b2-defensin 3 (H\u03b2D3) or cathelicidin (LL37) were assessed in a murine pulmonary TB model. Mice infected with either a high dose of a drug-sensitive (H37Rv) or a multidrug-resistant (MDR) strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) were treated with a single administration of AdH\u03b2D3, AdLL37, AdGFP (control vector expressing a green fluorescent protein), or saline solution (SS). Lungs were obtained to determine the bacterial burden, histologic damage, and cytokine expression at different time points. Mice treated with AdH\u03b2D3 or AdLL37 showed significantly lower bacterial load and pneumonia, and higher proinflammatory cytokine expression than the control groups AdGFP and SS. A synergistic therapeutic effect could be observed when first- or second-line antibiotics (ABs) were administered with adenoviral therapy in animals infected with H37Rv or MDR strains, respectively. Adenovirus-delivered AMP's administration constitutes a promising adjuvant therapy for current anti-TB drugs by enhancing a protective immune response and potentially reducing current AB regimes' duration.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jlb.4ma0920-627r","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,8]],"date-time":"2021-03-08T09:39:22Z","timestamp":1615196362000},"page":"951-963","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Immunotherapeutic effect of adenovirus encoding antimicrobial peptides in experimental pulmonary tuberculosis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"110","author":[{"given":"Octavio","family":"Ramos-Espinosa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Experimental Pathology Section, Department of Pathology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas y Nutrici\u00f3n Salvador Zubir\u00e1n , Mexico City, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dulce","family":"Mata-Espinosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Experimental Pathology Section, Department of Pathology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas y Nutrici\u00f3n Salvador Zubir\u00e1n , Mexico City, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alejandro","family":"Francisco-Cruz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, Division of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manuel Othoniel","family":"L\u00f3pez-Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Experimental Pathology Section, Department of Pathology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas y Nutrici\u00f3n Salvador Zubir\u00e1n , Mexico City, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sujhey","family":"Hern\u00e1ndez-Baz\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Experimental Pathology Section, Department of Pathology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas y Nutrici\u00f3n Salvador Zubir\u00e1n , Mexico City, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"Barrios-Pay\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Experimental Pathology Section, Department of Pathology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas y Nutrici\u00f3n Salvador Zubir\u00e1n , Mexico City, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brenda","family":"Marquina-Castillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Experimental Pathology Section, Department of Pathology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas y Nutrici\u00f3n Salvador Zubir\u00e1n , Mexico City, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Carretero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epithelial Damage, Repair and Tissue Engineering, Ciemat-Fundaci\u00f3n Marcelino Bot\u00edn, Complutense University , Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"IIS-Fundaci\u00f3n Jim\u00e9nez D\u00edaz , Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcela","family":"del R\u00edo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epithelial Damage, Repair and Tissue Engineering, Ciemat-Fundaci\u00f3n Marcelino Bot\u00edn, Complutense University , Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"IIS-Fundaci\u00f3n Jim\u00e9nez D\u00edaz , Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rogelio","family":"Hern\u00e1ndez-Pando","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Experimental Pathology Section, Department of Pathology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas y Nutrici\u00f3n Salvador Zubir\u00e1n , Mexico 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