{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T21:08:47Z","timestamp":1791925727014,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1996,4,1]],"date-time":"1996-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":828316800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Using adenoviral-mediated gene transfer techniques, the murine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) transgene is efficiently targeted to and highly expressed by the respiratory epithelium of rat lung. This lung tissue-directed expression of GM-CSF induces accumulation of both eosinophils and macrophages at early stages and an irreversible fibrotic reaction at later stages. These tissue responses to GM-CSF appear to be distinct from those induced by other proinflammatory cytokines, interleukin (IL) -5, IL-6, macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2), or RANTES overexpressed in the lung. These findings clearly demonstrate that GM-CSF is more than a hematopoietic cytokine in the lung and may play a pivotal role in the multiple pathological processes underlying numerous respiratory illnesses, including asthma. In this overview, the differences in tissue responses induced by GM-CSF and other individual cytokines are highlighted. In addition, the mechanisms by which GM-CSF contributes to the development of eosinophilia, macrophage granuloma, and fibrosis are discussed in conjunction with the recent findings from us and others.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jlb.59.4.481","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,12]],"date-time":"2018-01-12T19:42:14Z","timestamp":1515786134000},"page":"481-488","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":66,"title":["Gene transfer for cytokine functional studies in the lung: the multifunctional role of GM-CSF in pulmonary inflammation"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Zhou","family":"Xing","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Virology and Immunology Program, Department of Pathology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Todd","family":"Braciak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Virology and Immunology Program, Department of Pathology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuichi","family":"Ohkawar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Virology and Immunology Program, Department of Pathology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Michel","family":"Sallenave","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Virology and Immunology Program, Department of Pathology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronan","family":"Foley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Virology and Immunology Program, Department of Hematology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia J","family":"Sime","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Virology and Immunology Program, Department of Pathology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manel","family":"Jordana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Virology and Immunology Program, Department of Pathology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank L","family":"Graham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Virology and Immunology Program, Department of Hematology"},{"name":"Molecular Virology and Immunology Program, Department of Biology, McMaster University , Hamilton, Ontario , Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jack","family":"Gauldie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Virology and Immunology Program, Department of Pathology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1996,4,1]]},"container-title":["Journal of Leukocyte Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fjlb.59.4.481","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jleukbio\/article-pdf\/59\/4\/481\/49763667\/jlb0481.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jleukbio\/article-pdf\/59\/4\/481\/49763667\/jlb0481.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,12]],"date-time":"2023-04-12T05:38:03Z","timestamp":1681277883000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jleukbio\/article\/59\/4\/481\/6979241"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1996,4,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1996,4,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,4,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jlb.59.4.481","relation":{},"ISSN":["0741-5400","1938-3673"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0741-5400","type":"print"},{"value":"1938-3673","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[1996,4]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[1996,4,1]]}}}