{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T14:28:26Z","timestamp":1776263306013,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1997,2,1]],"date-time":"1997-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":854755200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Leukocyte infiltration into infected tissues is essential for the clearance of microorganisms. In animals with a cell-mediated immune (CMI) response to the infectious agent, as opposed to naive animals, leukocyte migration is greatly enhanced into sites of the organism or antigen. The role of the chemotactic cytokine or chemokine, macrophage inflammatory protein-1\u03b1 (MIP-1\u03b1), in the expression phase of the CMI response and in protection against Cryptococcus neoformans was assessed. With the use of a gelatin sponge model in mice as a means of detecting an anti-cryptococcal delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) reaction, we found that MIP-1 \u03b1 levels in fluids from cryptococcal antigen (CneF)-injected sponges in immunized mice (DTH-reactive sponges) were significantly increased over levels of MIP-1\u03b1 in fluids from saline-injected control sponges at 12 and 24\u201330 h after injection. MIP-1\u03b1 levels peaked before increases in neutrophils and lymphocytes in the DTH-reactive sponges, suggesting that MIP-1\u03b1 was responsible, at least in part, for attracting these leukocyte types. Immunized mice treated with neutralizing antibody to MIP-l\u03b1 before sponge injection with CneF had reduced numbers of neutrophils and lymphocytes in the DTH-reactive sponges and showed reduced clearance of C. neoformans from the lungs, spleens, livers, and brains when compared with controls. Furthermore, injection of rmMIP-1\u03b1 into sponges in naive mice resulted in an increase in the influx of neutrophils and lymphocytes into the sponges compared with saline-injected sponges. Together our findings provide solid evidence that MIP-1\u03b1 is a component of the anticryptococcal DTH reaction. In addition, MIP-1\u03b1 influences neutrophil influx and attracts lymphocytes into the DTH reaction site. Finally, we showed that MIP-1\u03b1 plays a role in protection against C. neoformans.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jlb.61.2.147","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,12]],"date-time":"2018-01-12T19:04:39Z","timestamp":1515783879000},"page":"147-155","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["MIP-1\u03b1 contributes to the anticryptococcal delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction and protection against <i>Cryptococcus neoformans<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"Hester A","family":"Doyle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center , Oklahoma City"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juneann W","family":"Murphy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center , Oklahoma City"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1997,2,1]]},"container-title":["Journal of Leukocyte Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fjlb.61.2.147","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jleukbio\/article-pdf\/61\/2\/147\/50203146\/jlb0147.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jleukbio\/article-pdf\/61\/2\/147\/50203146\/jlb0147.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,5]],"date-time":"2023-05-05T11:11:38Z","timestamp":1683285098000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jleukbio\/article\/61\/2\/147\/6976909"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1997,2,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1997,2,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,2,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jlb.61.2.147","relation":{},"ISSN":["0741-5400","1938-3673"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0741-5400","type":"print"},{"value":"1938-3673","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[1997,2]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[1997,2,1]]}}}