{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,5]],"date-time":"2023-04-05T04:22:49Z","timestamp":1680668569016},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1999,9,1]],"date-time":"1999-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":936144000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>These studies were undertaken with the purpose of elucidating the key signals involved in the regulation of the production of soluble interleukin-4 receptors (sIL-4R) in mice during Th1 and Th2 responses to infection with the parasite Leishmania major. Our results showed that the production of sIL-4R was consistently higher in lymph node cell cultures from animals mounting a predominant Th2 response (BALB\/c mice), and that sIL-4R production paralleled that of IL-4 in both mouse strains, even in the presence of a dominant Th1 response (C3H\/FeJ mice). Consistently, administration of anti-IL-12 antibodies to infected C3H\/FeJ mice induced a switch from a Th1- to a Th2-type response and resulted in enhanced production of sIL-4R. Addition of rIL-12 to splenic cell cultures, however, was found not to have a direct effect on sIL-4R production induced by IL-4 or T cell mitogens. Moreover, the production of sIL-4R appears to be little influenced by Th1-produced cytokines, inasmuch as recombinant interferon-\u03b3 or supernatants derived from antigen-stimulated Th1 clones did not affect the production of sIL-4R by activated splenic cultures. Despite its correlation with Th2 responses, the presence of IL-4 was not an absolute requirement for the up-regulation of the expression of sIL-4R because increased levels could be induced on cells obtained from IL-4\u2212\/\u2212 mice. These results indicate that, although enhanced sIL-4R production is a feature related to the activation and\/or generation of Th2 responses, it is not absolutely dependent on IL-4 or directly inhibited by IL-12 or Th1 cytokines. J. Leukoc. Biol. 66: 481\u2013488; 1999.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jlb.66.3.481","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,12]],"date-time":"2018-01-12T18:53:57Z","timestamp":1515783237000},"page":"481-488","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Regulation of the production of soluble IL-4 receptors in murine cutaneous leishmaniasis. The roles of IL-12 and IL-4"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"66","author":[{"given":"Rafael","family":"Fernandez-Botran","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Immunology and Immunopathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Louisville , Kentucky"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville , Kentucky"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paula M","family":"Chilton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine , Philadelphia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brian D","family":"Hondowicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine , Philadelphia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jana","family":"Vetvickova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Immunology and Immunopathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Louisville , Kentucky"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Immunology and Immunopathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Louisville , Kentucky"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Walter","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Immunology and Immunopathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Louisville , Kentucky"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Phillip","family":"Scott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine , Philadelphia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1999,9,1]]},"container-title":["Journal of Leukocyte Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fjlb.66.3.481","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jleukbio\/article-pdf\/66\/3\/481\/49731430\/jlb0481.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jleukbio\/article-pdf\/66\/3\/481\/49731430\/jlb0481.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,5]],"date-time":"2023-04-05T02:02:27Z","timestamp":1680660147000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jleukbio\/article\/66\/3\/481\/6926604"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1999,9,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1999,9,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,9,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jlb.66.3.481","relation":{},"ISSN":["0741-5400","1938-3673"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0741-5400","type":"print"},{"value":"1938-3673","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[1999,9]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[1999,9,1]]}}}