{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T08:51:51Z","timestamp":1777539111620,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,9]],"date-time":"2019-07-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1562630400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,9]],"date-time":"2019-07-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1562630400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,9]],"date-time":"2019-07-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1562630400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type-1 (HTLV-1) is the etiologic agent of HTLV-1-associated myelopathy\/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM\/TSP), which is a chronic inflammatory disease that leads to gradual loss of motor movement as a result of the death of spinal cord cells through immune mediated mechanisms. The risk to develop HAM\/TSP disease positively correlates with the magnitude of HTLV-1 proviral load. Gamma-delta T lymphocytes have been recognized as important players in a variety of infectious diseases. Therefore, we have investigated interactions between HTLV-1 infection and \u03b3\u03b4 T lymphocytes during HAM\/TSP. Similar frequencies of total \u03b3\u03b4 T lymphocytes and their V\u03b39\u03b42+ and V\u03b39\u03b42neg subpopulations were observed in HAM\/TSP patients. However, T lymphocytes obtained from HTLV-1 carriers displayed significantly higher rates of spontaneous proliferation and NKp30 expression when compared to cells from uninfected donors. In addition, an important decrease in the frequency of granzyme B+ \u03b3\u03b4 T lymphocytes (approximately 50%) was observed in HAM\/TSP patients. Higher proportion of IFN-\u03b3+ \u03b3\u03b4 T lymphocytes was found in HTLV-1-infected patients, which positively correlated with the HTLV-1 proviral load in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Collectively, our data indicates that HTLV-1 infection leads to phenotypic and functional changes in the population of \u03b3\u03b4 T lymphocyte population, suggesting that HTLV-1 infection modulates functions associated to these cells, which might be involved in controlling the infection or in the development of HTLV-1-associated diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jlb.ma1118-467r","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,9]],"date-time":"2019-07-09T14:51:50Z","timestamp":1562683910000},"page":"607-618","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Phenotypic and functional changes in gamma delta T lymphocytes from HTLV-1 carriers"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"106","author":[{"given":"Raquel","family":"Cavalcanti De Albuquerque","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Imunologia B\u00e1sica e Aplicada, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"},{"name":"Instituto de Biof\u00edsica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alessandra","family":"Granato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Imunologia B\u00e1sica e Aplicada, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"},{"name":"Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, Hospital for Sick Children , Toronto, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Isabela","family":"Silva Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Imunologia B\u00e1sica e Aplicada, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rafael","family":"Carvalho Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plataforma de Imuno-An\u00e1lise, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fl\u00e1via","family":"Santos Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Pesquisa Cl\u00ednica em Neuroinfec\u00e7\u00f5es, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz) , Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marco Antonio","family":"Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Pesquisa Cl\u00ednica em Neuroinfec\u00e7\u00f5es, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz) , Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana Claudia","family":"Celestino Bezerra Leite","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Pesquisa Cl\u00ednica em Neuroinfec\u00e7\u00f5es, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz) , Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ot\u00e1vio","family":"de Melo Esp\u00edndola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Pesquisa Cl\u00ednica em Neuroinfec\u00e7\u00f5es, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz) , Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juliana","family":"Echevarria-Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Imunologia B\u00e1sica e Aplicada, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023032406295871400_jlb10444-cit-0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6058","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1208968","article-title":"Global epidemiology of HTLV-I infection and associated 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