{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T16:35:02Z","timestamp":1791218102684,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,6]],"date-time":"2005-02-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1107648000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":10598,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Morphology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1976,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Larvae of the stolidobranch ascidian Metandrocarpa taylori molt a thin sheath upon settling, then metamorphose and radiate a larval complement of vascular ampullae upon the substrate. These ampullae thereafter regress, \u201crest\u201d in a reduced condition for several weeks, and then regrow into the oozooids definitive array of vascular ampullae in accompaniment to the development of the oozooidal vascular nest of test\u2010vessels. Pallial buds emerge some four months after the larva settles; the oozooid has by then grown to a length of at least 2 mm and its vascular nest is surrounded by at least 16 vascular ampullae. Oozooids bud one to five buds (mean, 2.6) in a rather short period of blastogenic vigor, then persist in the colony. Late buds are frequently aborted. Buds appear anywhere around the basal margin of the oozooid, but more often on the left than the right and more often posteriorly than anteriorly. As other studies have observed with blastozooids, this study notes an integration of budding and the disposition of the elements of the test\u2010vessel system of oozooids. Buds emerge oriented tangentially to the parental basal margin at the bud\u2010site, then often rotate to point their anterior ends away from the parent. No larvae metamorphosed into oozooids with situs inuersus uiscerurn, but in this study two oozooids extruded blastozooids showing this anomaly; these blastozooids budded reversed zooids in turn, so that entire clonal lines showed the anomaly.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmor.1051480203","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,24]],"date-time":"2005-02-24T18:51:43Z","timestamp":1109271103000},"page":"161-176","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Budding by Oozooids in the Polystyelid Ascidian <i>Metandrocarpa Taylori<\/i> Huntsman"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"148","author":[{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Watanabe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew Todd","family":"Newberry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Asexual reproduction in the colonial ascidian Metandrocarpa taylori Huntsman","volume":"61","author":"Abbott D. P.","year":"1953","journal-title":"Univ. Calif. Publ. Zool."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","first-page":"450","article-title":"A new function of the vascular ampullae in the Botryllidae","volume":"22","author":"Bancroft F. W.","year":"1899","journal-title":"Zool Anz."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","first-page":"137","article-title":"Variation and fusion of colrmics in compound ascidians","volume":"3","author":"Bancroft F. W.","year":"1903","journal-title":"Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. (Ser. 3)"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1537822"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1537595"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S002531540005606X"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-185X.1951.tb01207.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/icb\/1.1.67"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","unstructured":"de Santo R. S.1967The histochemistry thefine structure and the ecology of the synthesis of the test in Botryllus schlosseri (Pallas) Savigny. Ph.D. Dissertation Columbia Univ."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5320(69)90084-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1540277"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"The structure of the circulatory apparatus of the test and its role in budding in the polystyelid ascidian Metandrocarpa taylori Huntsman","volume":"16","author":"Newberry A. T.","year":"1965","journal-title":"M\u00e9m. Acad. Roy. Belg., Cl. Sci, Ser. 4 deg."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","first-page":"57","article-title":"Vascular structures associated; with budding in the polystyelid ascidian Metandrocarpa taylori","volume":"95","author":"Newberry A. T.","year":"1965","journal-title":"Ann, Soc. Roy. Zool. Belg."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmor.1051260202"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","first-page":"77","article-title":"Molting at metamorphosis in ascidians","volume":"10","author":"Oka H.","year":"1960","journal-title":"Bull, Mar. Biol. Sta. Asamushi, T\u00f4hoku Univ."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Histoire de la blastogen\u00e8sechez les botryllides","volume":"14","author":"Pizon A.","year":"1893","journal-title":"Ann. Sci. Nat."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmor.1050120104"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","first-page":"178","article-title":"Analisi sperimentale cello svilluppo delle colonie de Botryllus schlosseri","volume":"63","author":"Sabbadin A.","year":"1958","journal-title":"Arch. Ital. Anat. Embriol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","unstructured":"Sabbadin A.1958bRegulative powers and the determination of \u201cSitus viscerum\u201d in the buds of Botryllus schlosseri (Pallas) (Ascidiacea). 15th International Congr. Zool. Section 7 Paper 0 #32."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","first-page":"131","article-title":"Ntovo ricerche sull'inversione sperimentale del \u201cSitus viscerumr\u201d in Botryllus schlosseri (Ascidiacea)","volume":"12","author":"Sabbadin A.","year":"1960","journal-title":"Arch. Oceano. Limnol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","first-page":"170","article-title":"Sur le bourge\u2010onnement des polysty\u00e9lines Stolonica et Heterocarpa avec quelques notes sur l'anatomie de ces deux genres","volume":"50","author":"de Selys\u2010Longchamps M.","year":"1917","journal-title":"Bull. Sci. Fr. 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