{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,27]],"date-time":"2025-09-27T04:05:34Z","timestamp":1758945934781},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,6]],"date-time":"2005-02-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1107648000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":9168,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Morphology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1980,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The annular bands were studied by light and scanning electron microscopy in normal and hormonally bursectomized ducks (<jats:italic>Anas platyrhynchos<\/jats:italic>). The four annular bands are normal lymphoid structures of 5\u201310 mm wide and encircle the intestine at regularly spaced position, two on each side of Meckel's diverticulum. The anterior three are well defined, complete rings whereas the posterior\u2010most encompasses about one half of the gut circumference. The bands are characterized by prominent follicles in the tunica muscularis, submucosa, and lamina propria. In addition, large numbers of diffusely organized lymphocytes fill the lamina propria and villus cores. Each nodule possesses germinal centre activity, as revealed by the characteristic macrophage content seen in 1.0 \u03bcm sections.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The bands were present in rudimentary form at hatching. Lymphoid nodules began to develop at day 3 and were morphologically mature at day 98 posthatching. When viewed in the scanning electron microscope, the mucosa of the lymphoid areas was seen to be arranged in tortuous folds, often with irregular fusions. Following hormonal bursectomy, the bands were present, although difficult to detect, and lacked distinct nodules and germinal centres. The mucosal surface still appeared irregularly folded in the SEM, but the folds were more slender with convoluted surfaces.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmor.1051630102","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,24]],"date-time":"2005-02-24T18:25:34Z","timestamp":1109269534000},"page":"1-8","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Annular bands of lymphoid tissue in the intestine of the mallard duck <i>Anas platyrhynchos<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"163","author":[{"given":"Ronald C.","family":"McGarry","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T. K. R.","family":"Bourns","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.1091540104"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","first-page":"21","volume-title":"Manual of Histological Demonstration Techniques","author":"Cook H. C.","year":"1974"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/205143a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000230175"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.6.3.225"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","unstructured":"Ellis J.(1968)The biology ofTrichobiliharzia ocellatainAnas rubripes. M.Sc. 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Invest."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rothberg R. M. S. C.Kraft andS. M.Michalek(1974)The establishment of systemic immunity following antigenic stimulation of lymphoid tissue of the gastrointestinal mucosa. In: The Immunoglobulin A System. J. Mestecky and A.R. Lawton eds","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4613-4550-3_57"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","first-page":"473","volume":"45","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","first-page":"17","article-title":"Morphology of bursa of Fabricus in bursectomized and thymectomized ducks","volume":"23","author":"Sugimura M.","year":"1975","journal-title":"Jap. J. Vet. Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1317","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.103.6.1317","article-title":"Immunoglobulins, antibodies and the bursa of Fabricius: Induction of agammaglobulinemia and the loss of all antibody\u2010forming capacity by hormonal bursectomy","volume":"103","author":"Warner N. 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