{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]],"date-time":"2025-10-13T19:39:47Z","timestamp":1760384387853},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,6]],"date-time":"2005-02-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1107648000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3781,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Morphology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Homozygous recessive cardiac mutant gene <jats:italic>c<\/jats:italic> in the axolotl, <jats:italic>Ambystoma mexicanum<\/jats:italic>, results in a failure of the embryonic heart to initiate beating. Previous studies show that mutant axolotl hearts fail to form sarcomeric myofibrils even though hearts from their normal siblings exhibit organized myofibrils beginning at stage 34\u201335. In the present study, the proteins titin and myosin are studied using normal (+\/+) axolotl embryonic hearts at stages 26\u201335. Additionally, titin is examined in normal (+\/c) and cardiac mutant (c\/c) embryonic axolotl hearts using immunofluorescent microscopy at stages 35\u201342. At tailbud stage\u201026, the ventromedially migrating sheets of precardiac mesoderm appear as two\u2010cell\u2010layers. Myosin shows periodic staining at the cell peripheries of the presumptive heart cells at this stage, whereas titin is not yet detectable by immunofluorescent microscopy. At preheartbeat stages 32\u201333, a myocardial tube begins to form around the endocardial tube. In some areas, periodic myosin staining is found to be separated from the titin staining; other areas in the heart at this stage show a co\u2010localization of the two proteins. Both titin and myosin begin to incorporate into myofibrils at stage 35, when normal hearts initiate beating. Additionally, areas with amorphous staining for both proteins are observed at this stage. These observations indicate that titin and myosin accumulate independently at very early premyofibril stages; the two proteins then appear to associate closely just before assembly into myofibrils. Staining for titin in freshly frozen and paraffin\u2010embedded tissues of normal embryonic hearts at stages 35, 39, and 41 reveals an increased organization of the protein into sarcomeres as development progresses. The mutant siblings, however, first show titin staining only limited to the peripheries of yolk platelets. Although substantial quantities of titin accumulate in mutant hearts at later stages of development (39 and 41), it does not become organized into myofibrils as in normal cells at these stages. \u00a9 1994 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmor.1052220104","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,24]],"date-time":"2005-02-24T14:10:16Z","timestamp":1109254216000},"page":"19-32","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Immunofluorescent studies on titin and myosin in developing hearts of normal and cardiac mutant axolotls"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"222","author":[{"given":"Nihan","family":"Erginel\u2010Unaltuna","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Larry F.","family":"Lemanski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1998120"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.106.5.1563"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.109.2.517"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.105.5.2217"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","first-page":"475","article-title":"A genetically determined absence of heart function in embryos of the Mexican axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum)","volume":"162","author":"Humphrey R. R.","year":"1968","journal-title":"Anat. Rec."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0012-1606(72)90175-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-291X(88)90750-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-5822.2007.00901.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmor.1051390303"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aja.1001360408"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0012-1606(73)90140-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.82.1.227"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Immunofluorescence studies for myosin, alpha\u2010actinin and tropomyosin in developing hearts of normal and cardiac lethal mutant Mexican axolotls, Ambystoma mexicanum","volume":"55","author":"Lemanski L. F.","year":"1980","journal-title":"J. Embryol. Exp. Morph."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0074-7696(08)61924-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","first-page":"317","article-title":"Connectin, an elastic protein of muscle: Characterization and function","volume":"82","author":"Maruyama K.","year":"1977","journal-title":"J. Biochem."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.101.6.2167"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0012-1606(75)90343-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.110.4.1159"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmor.1052010304"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmor.1052010102"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.105.6.2781"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.76.9.4350"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(84)80007-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4757-4723-2_10"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.76.8.3698"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.81.12.3685"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00713171"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.107.3.1075"}],"container-title":["Journal of Morphology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fjmor.1052220104","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jmor.1052220104","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,28]],"date-time":"2023-09-28T02:32:46Z","timestamp":1695868366000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jmor.1052220104"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1994,10]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jmor.1052220104"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jmor.1052220104","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0362-2525","1097-4687"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0362-2525","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-4687","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1994,10]]}}}