{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T02:37:27Z","timestamp":1791427047090,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,6]],"date-time":"2007-09-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1189036800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Morphology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Homologies of muscles of the <jats:italic>m. longissimus<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>m. iliocostalis<\/jats:italic> groups in the dorsal and cervical regions, as well as those of the subvertebral muscles and <jats:italic>mm. intercostales externi<\/jats:italic> that continue from the dorsal into the cervical regions, in extant Diapsida are proposed based on detailed dissections and published accounts of lepidosaurs, crocodylians, and birds. The morphology of tendons and innervation patterns suggest that the avian \u201c<jats:italic>m. iliocostalis<\/jats:italic>\u201d in the dorsal region include the homologs of both <jats:italic>m. longissimus<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>m. iliocostalis<\/jats:italic> in non\u2010avian diapsids. The conserved nature of the morphology of tendons in palaeognath birds also revealed that the avian <jats:italic>mm. intertransversarii<\/jats:italic> in the cervical region consist of muscles of the both <jats:italic>m. longissimus<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>m. iliocostalis<\/jats:italic> groups despite having been treated as a single series of muscles, and thus are not homologous with muscles of the same name in Lepidosauria or Crocodylia. The avian <jats:italic>mm. inclusi<\/jats:italic> that lie medial to <jats:italic>mm. intertransversarii<\/jats:italic> are homologous with <jats:italic>mm. intercostales externi<\/jats:italic> in Lepidosauria and <jats:italic>mm. intercostales externi<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>m. scalenus<\/jats:italic> combined in Crocodylia. Innervation patterns suggest that a muscle (\u201c<jats:italic>m. iliocostalis capitis<\/jats:italic>\u201d) connecting the atlas rib and occiput in Crocodylia includes contributions from the subvertebral layer and <jats:italic>m. cucullaris<\/jats:italic> complex, and possibly <jats:italic>m. iliocostalis<\/jats:italic> as well. The present findings may serve as a basis for revising the currently used avian nomenclature so that it will reflect homologies of muscles with their non\u2010avian counterparts. J. Morphol., 2007. \u00a9 2007 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmor.10565","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,6]],"date-time":"2007-09-06T15:46:51Z","timestamp":1189093611000},"page":"986-1020","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"title":["Homologies of the <i>longissimus<\/i>, <i>iliocostalis<\/i>, and hypaxial muscles in the anterior presacral region of extant diapsida"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"268","author":[{"given":"Takanobu","family":"Tsuihiji","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","first-page":"407","volume-title":"Handbook of avian anatomy: nomina anatomica avium","author":"Baumel JJ","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","first-page":"133","volume-title":"Handbook of avian anatomy: nomina anatomica avium","author":"Baumel JJ","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","first-page":"45","volume-title":"Handbook of avian anatomy: nomina anatomica avium","author":"Baumel JJ","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","first-page":"779","volume-title":"Handbook of avian anatomy: nomina anatomica avium","author":"Baumel JJ","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","first-page":"105","article-title":"Biologisch\u2010anatomische Studien \u00fcber den Hals der V\u00f6gel","volume":"1","author":"Boas JEV","year":"1929","journal-title":"K danske Vidensk Selsk Skr, Naturvidensk og mathem Afd Ser 9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","first-page":"222","article-title":"A staining method for gross dissection of vertebrate muscles","volume":"130","author":"Bock WJ","year":"1972","journal-title":"Anat Anz"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","first-page":"9","volume-title":"Crocodilian biology and evolution","author":"Brochu CA","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","first-page":"331","article-title":"Anatomy and evolution of the feeding apparatus in the avian orders Coraciiformes and Piciformes","volume":"47","author":"Burton PJK","year":"1984","journal-title":"Bull Br Mus Nat Hist (Zool)"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-1119(00)00425-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.152.1.453"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","first-page":"388","volume-title":"The gross anatomy of Alligator sinensis Fauvel","author":"Cong L","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1096-0031.1991.tb00045.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1939.tb55370.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","first-page":"3","volume-title":"Bird Respiration","author":"Fedde MR","year":"1987"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","first-page":"109","article-title":"Die Gehirnnerven der Saurier anatomisch untersucht","volume":"2","author":"Fischer JG","year":"1852","journal-title":"Abh Naturwiss Naturwiss Verein Hamburg"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","first-page":"93","volume-title":"Third symposium on mesozoic terrestrial ecosystems, Short Papers","author":"Frey E","year":"1984"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Anatomie des K\u00f6rperstammes von Alligator mississippiensis Daudin","volume":"424","author":"Frey E","year":"1988","journal-title":"Stuttg Beitr Naturk Ser A"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Das Tragsystem der Krokodile\u2014Eine biomechanische und phylogenetische Analyse","volume":"426","author":"Frey E","year":"1988","journal-title":"Stuttg Beitr Naturk Ser A"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","first-page":"175","article-title":"Zur vergleichenden Anatomie der Schultermuskeln. 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